Well, if you were caught stealing information, they would likely put you in the stocks for a time until everyone passing by gets a good look at you, but usually it would involve an interrogations and branding or marking you as a spy or thief if they saw fit, perhaps adding something akin to a [url=http://dndtools.eu/spells/dragon-magic--62/dragoneye-rune--1065/]Dragoneye Rune[/url].

Not sure how far they would go to punish a first time offender, they might put a curse on you that hinders you whenever you're in or near town.