I'll give it a go.

[hider=Things]Ratatta, Bidoof, Metagross, and Zubat from Pokemon.
I see god tier Vriska Serket from Homestuck, and she's wearing a Superman logo thing. Oh, and there's a little Karkat centipede thing down in the bucket that I can only assume was filled with incestuous slurry.
Some Assassin's Creed dude is petting Metagross.
Dumb purple cloud thing from Adventure Time.
There's a Klingon, probably Worf, from Star Trek.
Dalek from Doctor Who wearing a Guy Fawkes mask (could be a reference to Guy Fawkes, V for Vendetta, or 4chan people who use the mask).
No idea where the nearby rabbit girl is from specifically.
Gir from Invader Zim.
Slenderman
Lightsaber from Star Wars, no idea who the dude holding it is.
Looks like there's a Chocobo from Final Fantasy behind the lightsaber.
I think that fat kid on Toadstool's head is the kid from Up, not 100% sure.
I think the girl to the right of those two is supposed to be Misa from Death Note.
The Dovahkiin is there front and center.
One of the ponies from MLP right in front of him, probably Rainbow Dash based on the rainbow hair. Oh, and it looks like she fucking murdered Nyan Cat, so that's neat.
Then there's Teemo and a purple minion from League of Legends off to the right.
Right by them is a girl from Touhou, purple hair with the hat with a moon thing on it, no idea what her name is.
The white dragon thing is.. crap, I dunno what it's from.
There's a Minecraft Creeper in that same area.
Some dude I don't recognize is holding a portal gun from the Portal games.
Down at the bottom I see some Yu-Gi-Oh cards.
There's a kunai between the Dovahkiin's feet that could be a reference to any sort of ninja stuff, though I'd guess Naruto because that's the most popular ninja thing I know of.
Not sure what those 3 grey things below the kunai are.
The leek could be a reference to Miku Hatsune, or maybe something further back like the popular little flash animation that showed Orihime from Bleach spinning a leek while some weird song played over it.[/hider]

Dunno how well I did for sure, but I know I got a lot of them right.