[quote=@Bright_Ops]
Only reason I selected the numbers I did was because I have no idea what I should be making the actual numbers. Seems to be a 'pick a figure and go with it' kind of deal without rules or guidelines. 
[/quote]

It requires you to do some research, it really isn't that hard to look for reliable sources or population censuses on the region you're controlling. You can read through some of its history as well, so you know what's up or what's going to be coming your way.

Also, by doing a quick search on your province I found out that you are currently in the middle of an epidemic of the pneumonic plague, it was the worst-ever recorded outbreak of the pneumonic plague which was spread through the Trans-Manchurian railway. 

Edit: Some research into your province gives me the number of 15,834,000 million in 1908 for the entire population in the area of what would later become the puppet state of Manchukuo. (Your province is a small area of the formentioned land and thus 10 million for the total population may be a little high.)

Second Edit: My sources give a rough figure of 5,350,000 million for the population of Jilin in 1911, which should be slightly higher in 1910 because of the plague that started in 1910.