[quote=@catchamber] Atoms aren't defined solely by humans, but also by their properties. Ethnicities and races are abstract, not tangible, which makes defining them in objective manners virtually impossible. But go ahead and ignore my points whenever it suits you. [/quote] Exactly. Mainstream physical anthropology does not recognize race as a meaningful category. Ethnicity is largely a social construct. But I somehow doubt a bunch of angsty racists are going to let that color their misconceptions. Going back to the Mars thing: Taking the thought experiment in the spirit in which it was intended. I do think that an ethnostate anywhere would be immoral. Arbitrarily discriminating against people is an immoral act at an individual level and by extension a state which is constituted explicitly around the idea of such discrimination is also immoral regardless of where it happens to be located. It maybe gets a little murkier when you talk about freedom of association, like religious congregations and what have you but its less problematic because you generally don't derive your legal rights from membership in some voluntary subgroup.