Some quick updates - first off! A map of the Tianfal Empire and it's territories along the home continent of Awreala 

[img]https://i.imgur.com/GkmUn0h.png[/img]

Additionally, a quick note on how magic works:

So basically magic works on a couple of factors, the first in terms of how it comes out is for a lack of better term "your soul." Fire magic comes more naturally for the more passionate, or those with strong memories associated with fire. Your personalities and memories shape the type of magic you're attuned to. This leads on into training both physically and mentally at said discipline, learning how best it works with you, summoning up the energy, all that. 

The final is willpower. The stronger you want something the likelier the magic can be summoned up. Especially for something powerful.
There's nothing as specific as "spells" it's more of an intuitive control over the power and how best you express it.
For some this might be through something like a wand/staff or it might come out through avatar style bending techniques.

It is very much possible that a culture can affect the type of magic you wield, so say the Iago are taught to be much closer to nature, so their stuff comes out as far closer to nature magic than say the people of the flame who live their whole lives around fire and the will to live. As such that group is far closer to fire.