[centre][h1]The Luhaedha Sinn Dhein[/h1][/centre] [list][*][hider=Government]The Sinn Dhein nation will become an elective tribal monarchy. The head of state will be the [i]Bhaenrhig[/i] or [i]Rhig[/i], the High Queen or High King. The monarch will be elected for a life-term, upon the death of the previous monarch, by the tribal assembly of the Sinn Dhein, which will be known as the [i]Duthchas[/i]. The Sinn Dhein Great Ritual, known as the [i]Hyscadal[/i] ('the Bull's Vision'), will be carried out by a [i]Treiwynd[/i] in order to ascertain who the rightful monarch is. This will involve sleeping inside a bull-hide in order to have a vision revealing the identity of the new monarch. The [i]Hyscadal[/i] will theoretically be able to declare anyone in the realm as monarch. Following this, the [i]Duthchas[/i] will be expected to affirm the person selected by voting for the person selected by the dream. The [i]Duthchas[/i] may reject the dream's nominee (though doing so could potentially create rifts and divides that would utterly break the unity of the Sinn Dhein kyne and so would be nearly taboo). If, however, the [i]Duthchas[/i] is unanimous in its rejection of a dream's nominee, it will be expected that a second [i]Hyscadal[/i] would take place and the [i]Duthchas[/i] would be invited to vote for the new nominee. The [i]Duthchas[/i] will made up of representatives of the Sinn Dhein clans, and the monarch will sit as its effective head - though this task may be delegated as necessary. Each clan will have a single representative at the [i]Duthchas[/i], generally its chief. The representative can select an unlimited number of delegates to attend the [i]Duthchas[/i]'s gatherings and represent the interests of the clan there. For particularly large clans, this system will permit the interests of different parts of a clan to be sufficiently represented. When votes take place, each clan will have a single vote. The [i]Duthchas[/i] will not be a legislating body as the Sinn Dhein are governed completely by customary law. Instead, the [i]Duthchas[/i] will act as an advisory body to the monarch and vote on non-legislative matters of importance, such as declarations of war. The Sinn Dhein and their clans have and will have no formal judiciary. The druidic [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] will play numerous roles, amongst them that of judge and enforcer of the customary law of their particular settlement, region, or clan. The monarch first monarch, or any thereafter, may establish a precedent of appointing members to a [i]Priyetcyn[/i] (a Private Council). [i]Priyetcyn[/i] members will have no formal authority but may be delegated power in certain areas. Their primary function will be to act as the monarch's trusted advisors. [i]Priyetcyn[/i] members will generally be selected for their expertise and will not necessarily be members of the [i]Duthchas[/i]. Though the monarch may choose to delegate duties to these individuals, the monarch will continue to exercise their full, absolute authority simultaneously, and a direct decision from the monarch would over-ride that of any [i]Priyetcyn[/i] member.[/hider] [*][hider=Economy]The Sinn Dhein are a pastoralist people. Their economic life is built around the herding of cattle, goats, and other such animals. Cattle are the measure of material wealth, and cattle raids are an important aspect of economic life. Money plays no part in their economic and everyday life, and all things are done through bartering. Clans may sell their labour or goods in their possession in exchange for goods or the labour of others or enter into a variety of other agreements that ensure the functioning of life in a largely communal manner free of the trappings of money-based market economies.[/hider] [*][hider=Culture][centre][u]Ideals[/u] [img]https://i.imgur.com/Untx3Mu.jpg?1[/img] [h3][i]Freedom. Independence. Kyne. [abbr=Courage and bravery on the field and standing up for justice]Valour.[/abbr] The Clan. Honour. Loyalty.[/i][/h3][/centre] [list][*][hider=Honour & Dishonour] [centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/qXjWrCd.jpg?1[/img][/centre] [list][*][hider=Highest Honour][indent]Personal, individual achievement - e.g. displays of valour on the battlefield, conducting great cattle raids, successfully tricking or in some way besting a for etc. - all add to a person's kyne, and to the greater kyne of his clan and people. Great personal kyne is the greatest achievement and greatest honour for oneself and the clan.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Highest Dishonour][indent]To act in such a manner as to lose kyne - for instance, sacrificing one’s freedom and independence, or being bested by a foe, or losing a prize bull etc. While knowing one's limits and surrendering or fleeing when the odds are stacked against one is no dishonour, allowing oneself to accept enslavement, for it to enter one’s heart, to defend one's enslaver or cooperate with them sincerely and in that way betray one's self, nation, and clan; that is the highest dishonour. One such as this deserves contempt and death and has no kyne of which to speak.[/indent][/hider][/list][/hider] [*][hider=Geography][indent]The homeland of the Sinn Dhein boasts many mountainous highland regions, lowland vales, ancient forests full of darkness and mystery, green hills rolling on green hills, and numerous rivers and lakes (known as lochs). Standing freshwater volumes are simply enormous. [color=2E2C2C]'[/color] [indent][centre][i]Ye kin feast yer een, bit ye cannae hae[/i] [color=2E2C2C]'[/color] [img]https://www.argentarchives.org/files/ardyniaview6.jpg[/img][/centre] [indent][url=https://travelguide.michelin.com/sites/default/files/styles/poi_slideshow/public/images/travel_guide/voyage_media-NX-22997/glendalough-valley.jpg]Springs and Hills![/url] [url=http://beersandbeans.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/beersandbeans_scotland_by-Glen-Bowman-via-Flickr.jpg]Pastures in the Vales![/url] [url=http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-n_UB5JCn-eE/TclJzyY0whI/AAAAAAAAoRE/23W-qa94LEI/s1600/Tour%2BScotland%2BPhotograph%2BYellow%2BField%2BNorth%2BFife.jpg]Yellow Pastures! Pastures Green![/url] [url=https://www.socwall.com/images/wallpapers/36711-1920x1200.jpg]Fields and Hills and Lochs and Cliffs![/url] [url=https://i.pinimg.com/736x/cb/b8/29/cbb829290016e6b789dd6a93ff2f03ab--animal-painter-highland-cattle.jpg]Highland Cattle![/url] [url=https://i.pinimg.com/originals/49/7d/63/497d63cca162d8c2f04329dabfc93b6a.jpg]More Highland Cattle![/url] [url=https://opentextbc.ca/physicalgeology2ed/wp-content/uploads/sites/298/2019/06/Cascade-Falls-area.jpg]Ye Mounts and Torrents![/url] [url=http://pixdaus.com/files/items/pics/3/8/551308_9fc924f8660cd9c34a487a26d0d74d27_large.jpg]Dikes and Sunsets![/url] [url=http://www.lovelifefun.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/12-of-the-Surreal-Places-to-See-Patagonia-Argentina.jpg]Mounts and Lochs![/url] [url=https://i.ytimg.com/vi/wiDm18dfUAM/maxresdefault.jpg]Ye Banks and Braes![/url] [url=https://www.roughguides.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/20.scotland-42-32338455-1680x1050.jpg]Lochs and Hills and Forests![/url] [url=http://www.beautiful-views.net/views/lake-reflection-mountains-sky-scotland-forest.jpg]More Lochs, Hills, and Forests![/url] [url=https://www.visitscotland.com/cms-images/holidays/autumn-holidays/lochan-uaine-the-green-loch]Be Stunned![/url] [url=http://www.worldfortravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Isle-of-Skye-Scotland-Beauty.jpg]Pretty Rocks and Hills on the Horizon![/url] [url=http://www.mikereyfman.com/Photography-Wildlife-Animals/Patagonia-Wildlife-and-Horses/big/MR0101.jpg]HORSES![/url] [url=https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-K7eIdgLV0bg/U5y04oJyW5I/AAAAAAAAAwY/rijc555Mvaw/s1600/stone+henge.jpg]Stone Circles![/url] [url=https://media.mnn.com/assets/images/2016/08/Callanish-Stones-edit.jpg]And More Stone Circles![/url] [url=https://daggerandbrush.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/img_20190712_210910-e1563102240681.jpg]Menhirs![/url] [centre][img]https://www.argentarchives.org/files/ardyniaview1.jpg[/img][/centre][/indent][/indent][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Religion] [centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/FdQQ0n1.jpg?1[/img] [i]A Saffron-haired Goddess of Love and War[/i][/centre] [list][*][hider=Religion; The Gods][indent]The lost religion of the Sinn Dhein is ancient, their foremost ancestors having worshipped a female goddess with a head of saffron during the great age of the gods. Worship did not immediately wane when the gods disappeared, but eventually the world fell into darkness and all was forgotten. Many of the ancient henges and menhirs were brought low, though a number still remain; ancient relics of a bygone age of glory. Now the Seer is come, and he has spoken to the spirits of the world and communed with the long-gone gods. And the gods shall be worshipped anew. The ancient Sinn Dhein religion is primarily polytheistic, though it also harbours a deeply animistic element due to the belief that spirits occupy all things in creation — animals, plants, rocks, rivers, weather systems, mortal handiwork, even words. The major gods of the lost pantheon are as follows: [list][*]Seihdhara - Head of the Sinn Dhein pantheon. The goddess of war, fire, and love (in all its forms, from motherly love to pure lust). She is believed to be the personification of the Sinn Dhein. She is also known as the [i]Iomaethair[/i] (the Bear Mother), the [i]Corcaerdhig[/i] (the Crimson Goddess), and the [i]Lasaeroi[/i] (the Flame Eternal). The bear is considered her chief sacred animal and symbol, and she is believed to have the magical ability to turn herself into a bear at will. Those born with red hair, or who develop it, are believed to have been blessed by her with general martial and sexual prowess. Indeed, the Blood-heads - a group that existed in the olden days and may well come to exist again - were famed for only accepting into their ranks those with red hair. Red hair is a common - almost universal – Sinn Dhein trait. She is often associated with Elder, Hawthorn, and Birch trees, and the Mistletoe. [*]M'Gruda - God of life, nature, animals, wealth, and the underworld. The Elm and Cedar tree are associated with him. [*]Daegeyda - The father god and [i]de facto[/i] ruler of the gods. After Seihdhara, he is by far the most important of all the Sinn Dhein deities - and for some, he is even more important than the fiery-haired chief-goddess. Also referred to as 'The Daegeyda', he is the god of magick, wisdom, and fertility. His talents and skills, from fighting to craftsmanship to magick, are famed to be endless. He has a magical stave that kills with a single strike from one side and restores life with a blow from the other. It is so big that it can injure more than one person at a time. His cauldron provides an endless supply of food for the gods and his fruit trees are always ready to harvest. Of his two swine, one is always roasting upon a spit while the other is always alive. He has mated with Seihdhara and other goddesses and has numerous children. He is famed for having slaughtered innumerable [i]ap Morig[/i], but in the middle of the war against them, a short truce was called. The [i]ap Morig[/i] decided to get rid of the Daegeyda using his weakness for porridge, his favourite food. They concocted a porridge of superhuman proportions, placing it in a massive crater. It is said that they poured in enough milk to satisfy an entire clan for one year, then added enough fat to supply all the Sinn Dhein for two years, and then put enough meal to feed all the Sinn Dhein for three years. For good measure, they threw in a flock of sheep, a herd of goats, and a passel of pigs. The [i]ap Morig[/i] challenged and taunted Daegeyda to eat the porridge or die. The great god leaned over the crater in the ground, sniffed at the mixture of ingredients, put one giant finger into the mess and tasted it, and then, to the amazement of the [i]ap Morig[/i], ate the entire thing. Feeling tired by this, he lay down to nap. Frustrated that their plan had failed, they called for a woman to tempt the Daegeyda. If he mated with her, he would die. They hid behind trees to see what would happen. Daegeyda woke briefly to see the young maiden lying beside him and, although he noticed that she was beautiful, he was still sleepy and satisfied from his meal, so he rolled over and went back to sleep. It is believed, however, that the Daegeyda remained largely dormant ever since, still sleeping off the massive meal. If one wanders into the deepest parts of the forests, one can hear his deep, rumbling snores. [*]Mac Cugail - God of the sky, thunder, wisdom, and Seihdhara's chief consort. He is associated with the Alder tree. [*]Ducyffel - Goddess of horses, the sea, death, and fertility. Associated with the Pine tree. [*]H’Mrorrig - Goddess of poetry, music, spring, dance, fire (alongside Seihdhara), inspiration, metalworking, knowledge, and childbirth – the last of which she shares with Seihdhara. Considered the patron goddess of druids (known collectively as [i]Wyndyn[/i], sing. [i]Wynd[/i]), and she is sometimes called the [i]Wyndynobhanrhig[/i] (the High-Queen of Druids). Often associated with Fir, Silver Fir, Hazel, Willow, and Oak trees. She tends the cauldron of knowledge and intelligence known as [i]Naethinyb[/i]. A tryst with the god Braeniyn during his reign produced a son, Raethin, who would become a leading figure in the [i]ap Morig[/i] host of his father. After his attempt to slay the smith god Gilbanu failed and led to his own death, the H'Mrorrig mourned her son's death (even though he was of the enemy) with the first keening; a loud, wailing cry of sorrow that has since become an aspect of Sinn Dhein funerary rituals. [*]Tymhorau and Raithean – The gods of the seasons. They are a couple who are born in spring as children, then become young lovers in summer before becoming each a mother and a father in autumn, and finally wise elderly folk. They die with the coming of winter to be reborn at the midwinter solstice, alongside the sun, and greet spring as children again. They are associated with the Yew and Holly trees. [*]Woaghbeigh - The horned lord of beasts and the forest. He has the body of a man and the ears and antlers of a stag. He is often portrayed with animals and wears a torc around his neck, which indicates his lofty status. He can shapeshift into the form of a snake, wolf, or stag. [*]Leignhu - A strong and handsome warrior, god of light, a skilled craftsman, and a magician credited with making many magical weapons, including a sword that can cut through any object. He also owned a lightning spear that always returned to the hand that had thrown it. He is considered the prodigy of the gods, skilled in all things - a smith, a wright, a metalworker, a powerful warrior, a gifted harpist, and an eloquent poet, he is also a magician, a physician, and a musician, and the inventor of a Sinn Dhein version of chess. A grandson of the [i]ap Morig[/i] tyrant, Ghaelon, and son of the god Cihnas and Ghaelon's daughter, Aoghne, he would go on to kill his grandfather as prophesied. [/list] Some minor gods include: [list][*]Diabcuraim – Guardian god of the well of knowledge and intelligence, the [i]Naethinyb[/i]. H’Mrorrig’s husband. [*]Theia – Goddess of marriage, marital faithfulness, and family. [*]Eh’Myr – A minor god of catastrophe and defeat. God of Eigen Moor, where the legendary Chief Eigen was ambushed and suffered a terrible defeat that cost him his life. [*]Feiyin - A minor goddess believed to be High Queen of the faeries. She is a goddess of love and fertility, is associated with the moon, fruit, pastures, and cattle. She is considered particularly important for healers and herbalists, and is believed to be responsible for the body's life force. She is rather vengeful and displays a sadistic pleasure in punishing those who cross her - for instance, anyone who sits on her throne (which appears to normal people as a normal stone, usually located in glens or groves) is in danger of losing their wits, those who sit three times lose their wits forever. It is believed that she was raped by Aeleyl Ulom, an ancient warlord of Clan ap-Entosh. She ripped off his ear trying to protect herself from him and later had her fae soldiers trap him and bring him to her - she tortures him to this day. It is believed that she fell deeply in love with the ancient hero, Dionin, but that her love was unrequited. [*]Huirdina - The beautiful daughter of the Seihdhara and Mac Cugail. She is the goddess of the moon, stars, hunting, and forests. She represents wildlife and wilderness, and the ability to tame animals. Her sacred animal is the boar. [*]Fhaenoh - god of the dead and king of the World Beyond the Veil. A solitary figure, he lived with the dead on a rocky isle off the coast of the Sinn Dhein homeland. [*]Aggrona - The goddess of battle and slaughter. She was defeated by Seihdhara and now serves in the chief-goddess' retinue, carrying out various duties for her. [*] Cihnas - A minor god who was able to take on the form of a goat when faced with danger. He was the secret love of Aoghne and the father of Leignhu. Cihnas owned a magical cow that was stolen by a great [i]ap Morig[/i] tyrant named Ghaulon. Unable to retrieve the cow, Cihnas plotted revenge. A wynd had predicted that Ghaulon's death would come at the hands of the [i]ap Morig's[/i] own grandson. To protect against the curse, Ghaelon had locked his daughter, Aoghne, inside a great, deep mound. The maidens who attended her were under orders to admit no man and were forbidden to speak of men to Aoghne. With the aid of a wynd, Cihnas disguised himself as a woman in order to enter the great mound and seduce Aoghne, who would bear him three children. When Ghaelon discovered the trick, he ordered the children drowned. Only one child, Leighnu, survived. He was raised in secret, and when he was grown he travelled to Seihdhara's court to join his father and the other gods. Leighnu would go on to fulfill the prophecy and slew his grandfather during Brae's invasion of the Sinn Dhein homeland with the [i]ap Morig[/i]. [*]Aerameid - A herbalist goddess, she is the daughter of the physician god Diyaneht and the sister of Michlin. Like her father and brother, Aerameid was a gifted healer - causing Diyaneht to become extremely jealous of her and Michlin's talent. When Seihdhara lost her arm in battle, Diyaneht created a new one for her out of silver, gold, and bronze. But Aerameid and Michlin created another arm out of living flesh. It was so lifelike that Seihdhara was able to regain her throne and position as the chief goddess, even though the injury technically made her unqualified for rulership. Jealousy eating at him, Diyaneht killed Michlin, and Aerameid grieved over her brother's grave. While doing so, she noticed hundreds of plants growing among the flowers on his grave and, realising that they had healing properties, began classifying them. It was a monumental mission, for each type of herb had to be picked and sorted in accordance with its medicinal benefits. Just as she was about to finish, the jealous Diyaneht crept up behind her and scattered the herbs to the winds. Aerameid was never able to recover the herbs and so never completed her work. For this reason, the proper uses for the hundreds of healing herbs are unknown to this day, and [I]Wyndyn[/i] have had to experiment and exercise their reasoning over the ages in attempts to recreate her lost work. [*]Diyaneht - The gifted god of healing and medicine, leading healer of the gods, and a god of fertility. He had two children, Aerameid and Michlin, who were also gifted healers. Diyaneht's greatest moments came during wartime. When the day’s fighting ended, he would bathe the wounded warriors in magical waters. He could heal them so well that they would be ready to resume fighting the next day. Dian could even bring his dead kinsmen back to life. Diyaneht made a silver, gold, and bronze hand and arm for his sister, Seihdhara, to replace the one she lost in battle. The new limb was of cunning design, with jointed fingers and a flexible wrist. With it, Seihdhara could continue to engage in combat. But even with this wonderful arm, Seihdhara was ineligible to rule, since the laws of the land required kings to be in perfect physical condition. Diyaneht's children were also talented healers and made Seihdhara an arm of flesh to replace the silver, gold, and bronze arm. It was so lifelike that Seihdhara was no longer considered to have a defect. Diyaneht, however, felt no pride in his son’s work. Instead, he considered it an insult to the fabulous arm he had made and so killed his son in a fit of jealousy. When healing herbs grew upon the son’s grave, his daughter, Aeramid worked to classify them according to their benefit and their use. But Diyaneht's jealousy got the better of him once again. He came in secret and disrupted her work so that the proper uses for the healing herbs would never be known. [*]Gilbanu - A god of crafting and smithing. He is famed for using supernatural powers to craft unusually powerful weapons. The speed at which he repairs and forges weaponry with his companions is unparalleled. Weapons of Gilbaru's making are mighty weapons possessing incredible magickal properties. He is also a god of healing and is said to offer a mead during Embilc which grants whoever drinks of it immortality. [*]Maeihroil: The poet-god and the “Divine Youth.” He is worshipped in the cult of the Divine Youth. The cult features extraordinarily handsome young boys on the threshold of manhood, often in love with women they can’t have. They are skilled in the arts of poetry or music, or connected with healing springs Turaemar: A war god of blood and thunder. He carries a great hammer and is known as the Good Striker. His worshipers, it is said, carried out great human sacrifices to him, burning victims alive in huge wicker-man cages or hanging them upside down from sacred trees. His followers may also offer themselves up for sacrifice, thus earning his favour and protection for the sacrificed one's family and tribe and greatly increasing their kyne. [*]Drechwr - A god of victory. Was defeated by Seihdhara and is now part of her retinue. [*]Aengillian - The stunning god of youth, young love, and beauty, known for having coyishly rejected Seihdhara's advances, angering her, before seducing her anyway. He carries a magickal sword and dons a cloak of invisibility, and his kisses take wing and fly away. Four in particular, Ceyin, Piyr, Bleyna, and Aethrar, follow him about in the form of birds wherever he goes. He is known to protect young lovers and cultivate their love. [*]Eirwyn - God of language and eloquence, and also a god of poetry. He is the brother of Daegeyda, the father god, and father of Maeihroil the Divine Youth. Credited with creating the [i]Eirwyncanan[/i] and teaching it to the [i]Arwyndyn[/i], who glorify him tremendously even to this day. [*]Fyldieas- A woodland goddess who drives a chariot drawn by deer and has connections with other animals. [*]Babaedna - A goddess of mayhem, slaughter, and battlefield confusion who visits battlefields in the form of a crow and sows utter chaos. She is known to whip warriors into a battle-frenzy - sometimes their frenzy is so great that they do not know friend from foe. She forms part of Seihdhara's retinue. [*]Bellanes - A god of light and the sun. The festival of Beltane derives its name from and honoures him. [*]Sruthyfinn - The river goddess after whom the river Sradfynn is named. Her sacred animal is the cow. She drowned when she tried to drink from the the [i]Naethinyb[/i] so as to gain supernatural wisdom, but did not have the permission of either the H'Mrorrig or Diabcuraim. When Sruthyfinn tried to drink from the cauldron, its waters rose up and chased her towards the sea, eventually swallowing her up and leaving the goddess dead in its wake. The waters formed a river leading from the well to the sea, which was named the Sradfynn in honour of the goddess. [*]Beryw - God of therapeutic hot springs. [*]Gwynnud: A minor god and king of the faefolk. He is one of the kings of the World Beyond the Veil. He has a pack of supernatural hounds, known as the hounds of hell. He can be helpful to those he regards as worthy rulers. He is also a bold and furious huntsman, who leads a pack of supernatural creatures, ghosts, and his hounds of hell on the Wild Hunt. His name means Blessed White Mist. He is also known as Gwyn the Hunter, and in this guise he acts as something of a grim reaper; his appearance signals that someone will soon die. As the king of the faefolk, Gwynnud is connected with the seasonal festival of Beltane, where he fights each month of Bultaeg for the right to marry a fae princess. [*]Braeniyn - A son of the goddess Ducyffel and a mortal named Viryn. He grew up exceptionally fast and was of formidable strength and was such a sight that he came to be known as Beautiful Brae. When Seihdhara lost her arm and became unable to rule, the gods crowned Braeniyn chief of the gods and [i]Rhig[/i] of the Sinn Dhein. Though beautiful, Braeniyn was stingy and crude, taxed the cattle and and other animals so that every clan and household ran short of food and drink, and more or less used the gods as his personal servants. Eirwyn, the god of language and eloquence, was forced to fetch firewood for the entire kingdom, while Daegeyda, the great father god, was put to work constructing forts and defences. Braeniyn would bring about his own downfall through his lack of generosity and hospitality. No sounds of music or poetry filled his halls. No feasts or celebrations were held at his court. His guests were offered meagre food and drink. One day a [i]Fili[/i] came to visit and suffered greatly. To pay the Braeniyn back, he composed first Sinn Dhein satire. He performed this poem in front of the entire court, describing the paltry food, drink, and shelter, bringing about great shame for the monarch. Finally, the gods rebelled and brought back Seihdhara, forcing Braeniyn from the throne. It is said that it would be Braeniyn, many centuries later, who would return with the [i]ap Morig[/i] to wreak vengeance on the Sinn Dhein and the gods. Though now sealed away with them in the underworld, he will rise again in the end days and a final battle will be had. [*]Oaollabi - A goddess and fairy queen who possesses a magical harp that presages death for those who hear its music. Her rival was Ciora, the goddess of beauty. In one tale, Ciora cast a spell that turned Oaollabi into a blue boar.[/list] Each individual clan has a clan god, who is the personification and guardian of that particular clan. It is not unusual for the clan god to be the progenitor of the clan. The major historical regions of the Sinn Dhein homeland also have patron gods, as do specific sacred locations or locations of historical import, such as places where significant battles occurred (for the gods are still indirectly involved in mortal affairs, and the happenings in the mortal world are a reflection of happenings in the celestial domain). For instance, the patron god of Eigen Moor, where the legendary Chief Eigen was ambushed and suffered a terrible defeat that cost him his life, is Eh'Myr, a minor god of catastrophe and defeat. Forces of nature, such as the sun, the moon, the wind, forests, and so on, are sometimes worshipped as gods in non-anthropomorphic terms (the sacred mountain, Caer Seihdhar, is amongst these). Things such as trees are considered alive and to have souls and shrines may be dedicated to them even though they are not necessarily gods. Various animals - particularly the bear, the animal of Seihdhara - are held sacrosanct.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Religion; Stone Circles & Monuments and Sacred Groves][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/vAA4At1.jpg?1[/img][/centre] Temples and religious 'buildings' are considered alien and an insult to the gods who made the stretched out earth and endless skies. The Sinn Dhein strongly favour worshipping in nature beneath an open sky, rather than inside man-made structures of any sort – even worship within the home is frowned upon. The ancient forebears of the Sinn Dhein have constructed stone circles or stone monuments to their gods, and what remain of these ancient structures continue to be a staple of Sinn Dhein worship; they are the only legitimately recognised man-made religious structure. These structures can be exceedingly large and complex, spreading across hills in generally circular patterns. Sacred groves or springs, which are naturally occurring sites considered sacred, are also places where worship and various rituals can take place, though this form of worship is currently lost to the Sinn Dhein. According to myth, such sacred sites and shrines were usually tended to or presided over by a [i]Wynd[/i] during the great age when the gods walked the earth.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Religion; Wynden][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/zYZuox9.jpg?1[/img][/centre] Sinn Dhein religion will have no centralised clergy or priesthood in the sacerdotal sense. Instead, they will druids known as [i]Wynden[/i] (sing. [i]Wynd[/i])). Due to their close association with nature, [i]Wynden[/i] will be believed to have control over the weather and shape-shift into animal form – whether this is true will be uncertain, but will be given credence by the [i]Wynd[/i] practice of wearing animal skin or horns or feathers during rituals so as to invoke the animal’s power. [i]Wyndyn[/i] will be a rather diverse group – young, old, men, women, rich, poor, of esteemed or relatively humble origins. They will come to form what is possibly the most powerful class in Sinn Dhein society, though the enthronement of a high king will no doubt temper this authority, as would the establishment a [i]Duthchas[/i]. The [i]Wyndyn[/i] will be free to marry – the concept of celibacy already being utterly foreign and ludicrous to the Sinn Dhein peoples. [i]Wyndyn[/i] will often marry other [i]Wyndyn[/i] or clan lairds. The [i]Wyndyn[/i], according to legends that will be unveiled by the Seer in time, underwent severe persecution after the departure of the gods from the world, either due to foreign peoples invading the Sinn Dhein homeland or for other reasons. This is natural, for anyone seeking to monopolise power would be jealous of the extensive power, influence, religious sway that [i]Wyndyn[/i] have, as well as their ability to incite rebellion. In this dark period, sacred sites where [i]Wyndyn[/i] generally gathered were attacked and destroyed, and many [i]Wyndyn[/i] were slaughtered. One of the most famous such attacks occurred against a large assembly of [i]Treiwynden[/i] near the a’Cheimbyc Hills, which was so brutal that the event became known as the Rape at Byc. Still, the [i]Wynden[/i] fought and persevered, though ultimately both they and their religion were swept away by the deluge of the dark age. When re-established by the Seer, [i]Wyndyn[/i] will be of two types. These are non-hierarchical; simply different types of [i]Wyndyn[/i] who carry out differing duties. The three types are: [list][*][i]Tweiwynden[/i] – So-called ‘clan druids’. [*][i]Arwyndyn[/i] – So-called scholarly druids, they are split into a number of holy orders.[/list] [i]Treiwyndyn[/i][indent]Clan [i]Wynden[/i] - known as [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] (sing. [i]Treiwynd[/i] -, whose expertise and learning will be handed down from one clan [i]Treiwynd[/i] to another over generations, will have the greatest interaction with people on a daily basis. [i]Treiwynd[/i] instruction, unlike that of [i]Arwyndyn[/i], will be secret and take place in caves and forests. Preserving their newly unveiled ancient tradition, all religious learning will be done orally and in no other way; [i]Treiwynd[/i] lore will consist of a large number of orally transmitted ‘books’ learned by heart, and so [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] will be known for their astounding feats of memorisation. It can take up to twenty years of instruction for a [i]Treiwynd[/i] to complete their studies. [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] will be present at births to bless newborns, carry out [abbr=By reading patterns in animal entrails, tracks, or flight patterns, or by casting of lots of sacred wood. Some also receive messages from the gods and goddesses]prophetic and divination rituals and give oracles[/abbr], and will also be important religious leaders in the clan hierarchy, legal authorities, adjudicators, preservers of clan tradition, lorekeepers, medical professionals, teachers to the young, and - as they were in ancient times - political advisors (indeed, the authority of [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] will be such that they will be able to cause feuding armies to turn back and put their weapons aside even against the will of clan chiefs or warlords, and a custom will come to exist that a warrior must hand their weapon to a [i]Treiwynd[/i] on demand, even if they happen to be in the midst of battle). [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] will generally be responsible for organising and leading worship at stone circles or monuments as well as sacred groves, and also prepare and offer animal sacrifices and lead various rituals. During legal disputes, a [i]Treiwynd[/i] will nearly always the arbiter, or the leading member of a team of arbiters. They will be exempted from military service and from the payment of tribute to the the [i]Rhig[/i], though it would not be unusual for [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] to generally accompany armies (particularly if they are marching against enemies of all the Sinn Dhein). [i]Treiwyndyn[/i], unlike other [i]Wyndyn[/i], will hold great immediate power on the lives of individuals, clans, and the Sinn Dhein nation itself. [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] will play a critical role in the selection of a [i]Rhig[/i] through a ritual called the [i]Hyscadal[/i] (‘the Bull’s Vision’). A ritual from the Sinn Dhein age of gods, heroes, and great [i]Rhig[/i]s who ruled the land from mount to shore, this ‘Great Divination Ritual’ will be reinstated once the Sinn Dhein are a united under one [i]Rhig[/i] again. Used to determine who the rightful [i]Rhig[/i] would be, the [i]Hyscadal[/i] requires a [i]Treiwynd[/i] to eat of the flesh of a freshly-slain bull before sleeping enwrapped within its yet-bloody hide so as to divine, through dreams, who the rightful [i]Rhig[/i] would be. This ritual will usually take place in a cave on Caer Seihdhar. If the [i]Treiwynd[/i] does not have a vision, he is sewn within the bull-hide and placed under a high waterfall to aid him in having it. The [i]Treiwynd[/i] in question could theoretically see anybody in his vision, from the lowliest shepherd to the most senior members of Sinn Dhein society. Following this ritual, the members of the [i]Duthchas[/i] have the opportunity to cast their votes on whether they wish to elect the one nominated by the vision. [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] will also have the capacity to strip a person of their rights, barring them from religious ceremony and all clan matters and so rendering them an outlaw without clan or purpose. The [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] must have a legitimate reason when they do this, but they are the only ones capable of doing so.[/indent] [i]Arwyndyn[/i][indent]There will be various holy orders which produce scholarly [i]Wynden[/i] - known as [i]Arwyndyn[/i] (sing. [i]Arwynd[/i]) - dedicated to study and research. They differ from the [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] in numerous ways – they, for instance, will have a rich writing tradition. The written language of [i]Arwynden[/i], known as the [i]Eirwyncanan[/i], is a secret language that differs from the spoken Sinn Dhein language. It can also be spoken and, interestingly enough, signed with one’s hands (in fact, it is believed that [i]Eirwyncanan[/i] as sign language preceded both the written or spoken language). All works authored by the [i]Arwynden[/i] in ancient times were traditionally in this secret tongue, and all their written, spoken, and signed communications to one another will be in it once the Seer re-established them, meaning that their world will be completely inaccessible to laypeople and even other [i]Wynden[/i]. This secret language is believed to have developed during the ancient [i]ap Morig[/i] of the Sinn Dhein homeland, during the glorious age of the gods, with the goal of preserving [i]Wynd[/i] and general Sinn Dhein lore, magick & spells, law, customs, history, literature, political challenges, and so on. This will undoubtedly mean that the [i]Arwynden[/i] will become the powerful arbiters of which customs have been and will be preserved and which ones will simply be allowed to slip from communal memory. The [i]Arwynden[/i] do not have a complete monopoly in this regard, however, for their reclusiveness and general lack of participation in daily rituals – left to the [i]Treiwynden[/i] – will mean the latter have ample space to contest and challenge [i]Arwynd[/i] designs. During the period of [i]ap Morig[/i] occupation, as well as later occupations when the gods left the world, [i]Wynden[/i] of all stripes were actively persecuted and active attempts were made to have their books burned. However, the [i]Arwynden[/i] of the times were easily able to disperse deep into the Sinn Dhein homeland’s forests, or into the mountains, or to independent clan-lands, preserving the great majority of books. In due time many of these were forgotten in caves or deep in forests, or buried with the dead, though due to some kind of magickal blessing they have survived. It remains for the Seer to travel and gather these important works again. Interestingly, though the [i]Arwyndyn[/i] will only ever correspond with one another in [i]Eirwyncanan[/i], they will correspond with outsiders to their orders in the Sinn Dhein tongue, and will perhaps be the only segment of Sinn Dhein society that will be actively interested in learning foreign languages and corresponding with outsiders.[/indent][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Religion; Human Sacrifice][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/QJ7sJe9.jpg?1[/img][/centre] Human sacrifice was practised by the Sinn Dhein in the past to please and gain the favour of the war of blood and thunder, Turaemar, though it fell out of regular use and was forgotten during the dark age. Both self-sacrifice and sacrifice of others was practised in numerous forms from wicker man burnings to hanging people upside down from trees. This is generally done to gain the kyne of the sacrificed individuals. When a person offers themselves up to be sacrificed, the greater their kyne then the greater the blessing from it. Animal sacrifices are also generally accepted and will become widely practised again, as they were in ancient time.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Religion; Divination][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/K6rtuyD.jpg?1[/img][/centre] [i]Wyndyn[/i] will generally have the capacity to carry out prophetic, divination, or oracular rituals, gaining inspiration through dreams and various mediums. [i]Wyndyn[/i] will sometimes seclude themselves in caves or other very dark places so as to facilitate inspiration and be transported beyond their own mind so as to see into the given god or goddess’ own thoughts. This process of inspiration is all about awe and wonder, and the drive to see into the unknown so as to glimpse even a small ray of the ultimate truth. It is thought that common people are capable of having certain forms of basic premonition through bodily sensations that tell the future. So for instance if one’s mouth is itching, it is a sign that the person will soon be kissed; if one’s ears are suddenly burning hot, someone somewhere is talking about their character. However, when actively divining, a [i]Wyndyn[/i] (and any interested amateur) will have an array of skills and techniques at their disposal, as listed below. [list][*][i]Rhadharc[/i][indent]‘The Sight’ is a basic psychic ability present only in females, suspected to flow through the female bloodline from mother to daughter. Though often cryptic and filled with symbolism, the oracles of those with the [i]Rhadharc[/i] are taken with absolute seriousness. [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] who possess the [i]Rhadarc[/i] play an important role in giving children their [i]Faisehd[/i] at birth.[/indent] [*]Dreams[indent]While a dream may just be that, sometimes it is far more. As a means of divination, they can come spontaneously, be anticipated, or be induced. A person who believes they have had a prophetic dream can go to a [i]Wynd[/i] to have it interpreted. If a [i]Wynd[/i] is actively seeking a dream, or someone has come to them seeking to induce a prophetic dream, the dreamer can prepare by mediating, purifying themselves through fasting, and by having an animal sacrifice carried out for them. In some cases, one may enwrap themselves in the hide of the sacrificed animal (as is the case with the [i]Hyscadal[/i]). It is also generally good practice to carefully select the location where one decides to sleep. Sleeping in areas like sacred springs, sacred groves, stone circles or monuments – which have greater divine and magickal qualities – is more likely to produce a vision. The time of year is also of relevance, as some part of the year see a greater convergence of the spirit ream on the realm of the living. Moreover, [i]Wynden[/i] are generally aware of herbs and can produce concoctions which aid with prophetic dreams – though these can sometimes have [u]strange[/u] side-effects.[/indent] [*]Shoulder Blade Reading[indent]While the practice of reading entrails is carried out by [i]Wyndyn[/i], reading marks in the shoulder blade of an animal, usually an ox, bear, fox, or sheep, is considered a surer way to see into the future. The lengthy ritual of preparing the bone is passed on from [i]Wynd[/i] to [i]Wynd[/i] and involves boiling the bone in a special concoction, preparing it, and then reading the marks. Marks can indicate people to be met in future, while holes and indentations could mean death or prosperity depending on their size and location.[/indent] [*]Omens[indent]Omens are sought for nearly every activity, but are especially important when beginning a journey. The first animal one sees, its posture, what it is doing, as well as the sex, dress, and actions of the first person one meets on the way all foretell one’s chances of success or failure. Moreover, birds are considered especially geared towards foretelling the future. Certain sacred birds, their flight patterns, positions, calls, and other behaviour, are used to divine the future. Depending on these factors, it could mean anything from the imminent arrival of visitors to death and doom for household and clan.[/indent] [*]Casting Lots[indent]A group of sticks (made from the sacred woods associated with the gods), or bones, or stones, are tossed and read. The resulting pattern can foretell whether a sickly person would be cured, can identify a potential spouse, or foretell the good or bad fortune of a person.[/indent] [*]Everyday Divination[indent]There are numerous other forms of commonplace divination techniques utilised by lay people and [i]Wyndyn[/i] alike – these are usually intended to help find love. Things simple as dancing hazelnuts over the fire at Sambane, the pattern in the ashes of the fire on Embilc, or dreaming of one’s love on Beltane. Scrying, or gazing into springs, into fire, or searching for patterns in the clouds, are all common techniques. Young couples in some parts of the Sinn Dhein homeland have a practice where a shovel is positioned on top of a fire and two grains of wild wheat placed on it. As the shovel grows hotter the grains edge towards each other, swell, and grow. Eventually they pop off the shovel - if they do so together, the couple should marry, but if they jump separately then the couple are to go their separate ways.[/indent][/list][/indent][/hider][/list][/hider] [*][hider=Arts; the Filim][indent][centre][img]http://www.3celts.com/index_files/menu_files/tshirt_files/harp2k_files/image300.png[/img][/centre] Sinn Dhein visionary poets or bards, known as [i]Filim[/i] (sing. [i]Fili[/i]) will carry out some unique roles in Sinn Dhein society. While they will often be mistakenly associated with [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] and their forms of magic by foreigners, [i]Filim[/i] will in fact be very different. Their role is ultimately not religious, but secular. Their duties include lorekeeping, versecraft, and the memorisation of vast numbers of traditional and contemporary poems. A [i]Fili[/i]’s formal training will take anything between seven to twelve years depending on how gifted the individual in question is. The words of [i]Filim[/i] wil be understood to be so powerful that they are tantamount to magick. Amongst the functions of a [i]Fili[/i] in Sinn Dhein culture and society will be to praise or satirise. A person who is praised can expect to be remembered as a great hero or a person of valour down through the ages, their kyne permanently enhanced. If satirised, they would be forever infamous. Satire is considered so damning that people have fallen down dead on learning that they had been satirised. Indeed, the satire of a [i]Fili[/i] is considered a weapon in itself, having often been employed by warring clans against each other in the past (and where feuds arise, it still is). The satire of a gifted [i]Fili[/i] is thus a serious curse on the one being satirised, and to run afoul of these poets is a dangerous thing indeed to a people who value reputation, kyne, and honour above life. Ancient Sinn Dhein tales speak of [i]Filim[/i] actually rhyming people and animals to death, and other tales speak of [i]Fili[/i] songs that induce sleep, control emotion, and cause sickness or death. While praise is for the living, [i]Filim[/i] are also expected to compose and recite eulogies on worthy heroes (ancient and more contemporary) and their many valorous deeds. They also memorise the genealogies of their patrons and recite poetry honouring and glorifying past and present heroes of their patron’s clan, their acts of glory, and much else about the patron themselves so as to enhance the kyne of the living descendants and clan of the dead. It has traditionally been the case that those considered noble (clan chiefs or others high within the clan hierarchy, as well as those who occupy positions of power generally within a kingdom or confederation) were the butt of [i]Fili[/i] satire due to lack of generosity or hospitality, or due to giving bad advice or engaging in dishonourable conduct. Satire has thus often been a manner of holding powerful figures to account and pressuring them into abiding by customs or their own laws. Indeed, Sinn Dhein leaders since time immemorial have been known to sometimes act against their natural inclinations out of fear of satire. This is the case more widely also, for the threat of being satirised has often ensured that everyday people abided by pledges, kept their word, and generally saw the more immediate benefits of keeping to customary ways and laws. Despite their immense power, [i]Filim[/i] are expected to use their tongues with responsibility. Satirising somebody without a legitimate cause is considered a serious crime carrying severe penalties – for doing damage to someone’s honour and reputation is worse even than murder in Sinn Dhein culture and society. In many ways, [i]Filim[/i] have been the national poets or bards of the Sinn Dhein homeland since time immemorial. The bardic order, the [i]Cumannfil[/i], was formed during the glorious age of the gods and spelled the first truly pan-Sinn Dhein group to emerge that was involved and concerned with the everyday life of lay people (unlike the [i]Arwyndyn[/i] holy orders which, while being pan-Sinn Dhein, were anything but involved with the common person). The [i]Cumannfil[/i] contributed immensely to the rejuvenation of Sinn Dhein religion and the preservation of their ways and customs when the gods departed from the world, and though in time they were swept away by the deluge of the dark ages, poetry is still quite important to present-day Sinn Dhein (though they do no necessarily understand why). When re-established by the Seer, he will organise the annual [i]Tionilfil[/i], an all-encompassing gathering of poets, musicians of all stripes.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=The Trosychyn][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/W8eu76J.jpg?1[/img][/centre] The [i]Trosychyn[/i] (sing. [i]Trosych[/i]) are those exiled from their clan and clan-lands by the [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] and who have effectively become outlaws. Individuals may be outlawed in this manner for many reasons: going against the judgement or command of a [i]Treiwynd[/i] (whose word is ultimately final), breaking customary law, refusing pay an eraic, and various other things. Exiled nobles who have clout may often raise armies and fight their way back into society. Such individuals presently exist, even before the re-establishment of ancient Sinn Dhein religion and culture. [i]Trosychyn[/i] tend to live in the wilderness. Usually, those who remain on the wild-lands have an established tacit alliance with a local clan for both their protection and that of the clan. Traditionally these agreements have ensured that [i]Trosychen[/i] did not prey on the clan in question and could be called upon to fight with the clan and defend it if necessary. These tacit agreements may also be struck so that the clan has someone who is already outside the law or not associated directly with it to do its dirty work – murder, revenge, raids, targeted killings, and so on. Being outside the law and having been denied the benefits of obeying it, the punishment of the law cannot be enforced against them by those they harm. The only way to get justice in such situations is for the aggrieved party to track down the [i]Trosychen[/i] and dispose of them personally.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=The Elderly & Children][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/R0YZrbY.jpg?1[/img][/centre] The elderly generally occupy positions of authority amongst their descendants, viewed as progenitors and akin to chiefs. This is not a formal designation, for each clan has its one clan chief, but one’s age and the number of one’s progeny are a sign of influence and clout (for sons and grandsons are obligated under customary Sinn Dhein law to care for and obey their parents), and one naturally has authority over one's sept. The elderly of the leading clan family (generally the elderly amongst a chief’s extended family) are considered clan elders and have leadership roles in the clan hierarchy, usually as members of a clan council of some kind. The leading family usually does not necessarily dominate these. It is not unusual for elderly folk to predominate these councils due to the general nature of their authority within their social relations. The young are considered children of the clan as well as of their parents, and all have a responsibility towards them, to educate them, inculcate within them the clan's particular spirit and ways, as well as a general understanding of Sinn Dhein ways, customs, and laws. Thus raising children is generally the equal and primary responsibility of both parents (not just the mother), followed by immediate family, and then the wider clan. Different Sinn Dhein clans have different laws regarding lineage – some matrilineal and others patrilineal. Where a couple each comes from a lineage background that conflicts with the other’s, agreement regarding lineage must be arrived at and placed in the marriage contract before the marriage takes place. Lineage is particularly important for matters of inheritance (discussed below) and in ascertaining to whose parent’s side the child is primarily related (important, for instance, for knowing who must seek vengeance if a child is killed, to whom the child goes if both parents are no longer present, amongst other things). Due to fathers (or their equivalent if the biological father is not present) having to climb Caer Seihdhar while their pregnant wife is giving birth, so as to seek out an omen for the newborn's [i]Ainaim[/i] (soul-name), couples tend to move near the sacred mountain around the time of birth. Due to this, the various towns at the mountain's foot are renown for their midwives and medicine-men. In accordance with general Sinn Dhein custom, if a child is born due to rape or seduction, the responsibility for raising the child falls to the seducing or raping party. The father has responsibility for raising the child if the mother is dead, ill, disabled, insane, or exiled from her tribe. An unmarried mother has sole responsibility for the rearing of the child if the father is [abbr=This generally means someone who is of a clan based in a different region of the Sinn Dhein homeland]foreign[/abbr], or exiled from his tribe. If a woman is impregnated by a man with no income or lands of his own against the wishes of his parents, she is fully responsible for the child. Likewise, if a man impregnates a woman without income or lands against the wishes of her parents, he is fully responsible for the child. Where both parties are landless and without income, and where they carried out the deed against the wishes of both their parents, the child is aborted. Indeed, an unmarried pregnant woman is obliged, according to custom, to either abort or marry. Prostitutes (usually a position occupied by unmarried [i]Treiwyndyn[/i] and considered a socially important position) are the exception to this, and they – male or female – are fully responsible for their children. Ultimately, Sinn Dhein custom does not recognise and does not allow for ‘illegitimate’ children. All children are ultimately sons or daughters of the clan and are raised raised by it. Children must undergo a rite of passage, known as the [i]Galontaith Seihdhara[/i] (Journey to the Heart of Seihdhara), a six-month period in which the young person must journey through forests, mountains, and through the land of other clans, so as to make the spiritual and traditional transition into adulthood. The exact age at which this rite of passage is carried out differs by clan, though all Sinn Dhein have generally accomplished it by the age of seventeen. This rite of passage is carried out by both males and females, and it is not unusual for a person undergoing the journey to rid themselves of their virginity along the way.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Fostering & Adoption][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/E6GFGD7.jpg?1[/img][/centre]An interesting custom and institution common to all Sinn Dhein clans is that of foster parentage, in which children of a household within the clan are given away to another. This practice is designed primarily to tighten the links between two families, though it may also be practised due to a family’s inability to care for a child, and payment was in fact involved. Fostering means that a child, male or female, spends some part of their childhood in the household of another family, learning a trade, how to fight, or how to govern from them. The child can be sent to the foster family at any time once they have reached the age of one year. The child returns to their blood family on completing their [i]Galontaith Seihdhara[/i]. During the period of fosterage, the foster family is responsible for the child’s education (facing heavy customary penalties if it is not imparted properly) and is responsible for any harm or injury suffered by the child. A slightly different species of fosterage exists where a master of a craft takes students in (sometimes for payment, though this is rare). These students are essentially adopted by their masters, though they are not considered heirs. Should a master wish for their adopted student to be considered an heir, a proper adoption ritual not based on the master-student relationship needs to be carried out. Adoption of this latter variety is not too common, though kin (brothers, uncles, grandfathers, and so on) do adopt children if something happened to the parents. Traditionally, fosterage to renowned warriors was exceptionally important in imparting traditional warrior values and proper training on young Sinn Dhein. Sinn Dhein, depending on clan, begin their training anywhere between the ages of six and nine (naturally developing into partaking in steadily more daring martial activities as they grow) and have traditionally been expected to master, amongst other things, the following skills:- [list][*] Dexterity – Proven through various acts, such as juggling swords. [*] Strength [*] Traditional Sinn Dhein martial arts [*] The ‘Six Feats’ – Hurling weights, Running, Leaping, Swimming, Wrestling, and Chariot Riding. [*] The Voice – A traditional clan war-cry that differs by clan. This tends to be rather blood-curdling and freakish. The cries of some clans are masterful imitations of the sounds various animals make, while others still are anything but naturally occurring. [*] The ‘Three Hielanman’s Skills’ – Hunting, Fishing, and Hawking. [*] Poetry, Music, Heraldry, Diplomatic skill etc. [*] Rowing, Swimming, and various water-related skills [*] Sinn Dhein Chess [*] Weapons Handling – Archery, slinging, javelin throwing, swordsmanship, sword and buckler fighting, quarterstaff handling etc. [*] Various other games and sports (for complete list, see [i]Lignsid[/i])[/list] At the end of the first phase of their training, before carrying out their rite of passage into adulthood, warriors have to prove their skill. It differs by clan, but examples include participating in a cattle raid from which they must return with proof of their valour – potentially the head of a cow or bull.[/indent ][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Inheritance][indent]Inheritance is a complex affair, particularly since different clans are bound to have slightly different laws and customs on inheritance. Generally, children have the same rights of inheritance regardless of any other considerations. So, in a patrilineal system, the son of a chief wife and the son of a lesser wife, or the child produced during a temporary marriage, have equal right to inherit. However, exiles and abandoned children who are in every way children of the clan cannot inherit. Children of prostitutes likewise cannot inherit from their non-prostitute parent. Certain land is considered to belong to the clan rather than being personal property. It is granted by the clan to individuals and their progeny for an indefinite period. So while this land can be inherited and split between family members freely, it can never pass out of the clan’s ownership. Land which a person comes to possess, and which is not initially clan land, may pass into the possession of the clan eventually or become generally regarded as part of that clan's patrimony. Inheritance seeps somewhat into clan succession also, though rituals, in imitation of the way [i]Rhig[/i]s are selected, may also affect customary laws of succession.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Women, Courtship, Marriage, and Divorce][indent][centre] [img]https://i.imgur.com/m328Aku.jpg?1[/img] [i]Three kinds o' men wha fail tae ken wummin: young men, auld men 'n' middle-aged men.[/i][/centre] The role of women in Sinn Dhein society is odd and often contradictory, largely due to the fact that different clans have different customs and laws regarding women. On the whole, however, women are free to own land, manage their personal wealth, engage in trade and business, marry and divorce at will, and join in as combatants during war. Wealth accrued by a married woman, as is the case with a married man, is considered to belong to both. Due to some long-forgotten case of harassment or kidnapping or some such, nearly every clan has a women's code largely meant to keep men of foreign clans from harassing a clan’s women. The Code of the Women of Ol Mirti: [list][*] Don’t blether tae mah breests; you’ll nae be meetin thaim. [*] If ye dae blether tae thaim, you’ll be meetin mah sword. [*] Mah sicht oan loue daein' is na. [*] Keep this in mynd: mah fowk kin kick yer people’s bahookie anyday o' th' week. [*] It's nae th' size o' yer sword that counts, it's- na, wait… size counts.[/list] Women have historically played important roles as active participants and leaders in major campaigns and wars, the heroic fury of Sinn Dhein women in battle having become the subject of many epics. Invaders in ages past often expressed their awe at the primal power of these ‘savage people’s women’, and theor warriors considered it a great victory to make one of them theirs; often, though not always, ending terribly for the warrior in question. Largely due to the importance of Seihdhara, goddess of love, clans have tended to be very open about interaction between the sexes, and pre- or extra-marital sexual encounters are normal. This while honourable conduct is important, this has given rise to oddities where, for instance, a warrior successfully wooing an opponent's wife is seen as having earned great kyne, and likewise with other not-so-honourable yet successful conduct. [list][*][hider=Marriage][indent][centre] [img]https://i.imgur.com/deXWwMO.jpg?1[/img] [i]Wid ye lik' tae be buried wi' mah fowk? *** Wid ye lik' tae donder th' tree wi' me?[/i] [sub]– Some Sinn Dhein marriage proposals[/sub][/centre] Marriage is of extreme importance for the Sinn Dhein. A person of marriageable age who is not yet married is looked upon strangely and can be expected to be the butt of many jokes. The first Monday of the Sinn Dhein month Kyffel, known as ‘Chalk Monday’, is dedicated to playing tricks and pranks on single people. The custom is to creep up on them and subtly mark their back with chalk – it is best to do this in crowded places. If caught, the perpetrator/s had better run! As Beltane is drawing near at this time, these pranks are meant to remind the single person of their unmarried state and spur them to marry come Beltane. Marriages among the Sinn Dhein are polygamous. This is largely due to the fact that polyamory is a central aspect of Seihdhara's nature; the goddess enjoys multiple consorts and is not in fact married to any of them. The development of the custom of marriage is attributed to the minor goddess Theia. Multiple wives and multiple husbands are thus not uncommon. Marriages are the primary form of legitimate procreation and are set up, to a great extent, for the protection of children and to clarify the rights of the husband and wife. The protection of property rights of both parties also factors in. Importantly, marriages are also a form of social capital and a way to forge alliances and cement friendships. Of course, they can most certainly be for love, but love is believed to be somewhat distinct from marriage (perhaps no where made more clear than in the fact of the goddess of love being separate from the goddess of marriage). Due to marriage’s focus on procreation, the question of same-sex marriage has never arisen, and will likely never arise, in Sinn Dhein society. Beyond this there is no real recognition of or differentiation between hetero- and homosexual relations; sex is sex. In this vein, the Sinn Dhein generally tend to be rather libertine. Fun and dalliances are treated light-heartedly and with innocence. However, it is best not to boast or be open about who one has slept with in cases where someone's spouse is involved, as feuds over these matters are by far the most common. It is also a general custom for women not to bear the child of any other than her official husbands – where accidental pregnancies occur, Sinn Dhein have developed a particularly effective abortifacient which has been used since ancient times; Sinn Dhein mythology attributes its origins to Seihdhara. Where a woman has multiple husbands or extra-marital affairs, fatherhood is generally established through a [i]Treiwynd[/i] ritual. Indeed, ‘marital faithfulness’ is not measured by whether one engages in various sexual dalliances with other partners, but by whether one only allows one’s spouses to mother or father one’s children. Funnily, the customs of many clans permit an established spouse to murder, or hurt, the new partner of their husband or wife within the first three days of marriage. A small eraic may result, but this is recognised as one of their customary rights. This is in fact a growing custom, and clans that were not known to practice it have increasingly adopted it. This has led to the development of a practice where newlyweds go away somewhere together for the first few days of their marriage. Generally speaking, marriage partners have an obligation to take care of each other and to leave something for each other in their wills. If one’s spouse has other partners, no such obligation exists towards those. It is custom for siblings to get married in order of seniority. This puts pressure on older brothers and sisters to marry swiftly so as not to deny their younger siblings. A way around this where an elder sibling does not wish to get married quite yet are so-called temporary marriages that last exactly one year and one day. These are often ‘trial’ marriages that lead to a more permanent union. Sinn Dhein customary law, with various minor variations, generally recognises the following types of marriage, in order of importance. [list][*] A Clan union takes place where numerous members of one clan marry individuals from another clan en masse. It has occurred on a number of occasions in Sinn Dein history and is generally done when two clans wish to merge or cement their alliance. [*] A common union takes place between partners who bring the same amount of wealth into the marriage. This is the most common form of marriage, and the spouses are considered in all ways equal ‘co-lords’ of their family. [*] An unequal union takes place where one partner has less property than the other. The poorer spouse effectively comes under the financial protection of the richer one. It is a way for poorer individuals to marry into wealth and ensure the wealth of their progeny. [*] A propertyless union is a marriage in which each spouse retains their property separately, rather than having it become family property. The rights of children are safeguarded and they inherit as usual. [*] A flesh union is the mutual consent of the man and woman to share their bodies, but live under separate roofs. Again, the rights of children to inherit are safeguarded. [*] A war union is a marriage where a defeated enemy’s spouse or spouses are abducted. This marriage is valid only as long as the abductor can hold onto the spouse or spouses. It is practised sporadically during the eruption of clan feuds. [*] A warrior’s union is a temporary and primarily sexual union contracted for no more than a night. It is often entered into by warriors taking part in a war or conducting a long raid. The rights of any children that come about are protected, but if the marriage was patrilineal the father is required to formally adopt the child, otherwise the child becomes a child of the father’s clan. [*] A loony union occurs between feeble-minded or insane people. Considered to have been possessed by a spirit, insane people are often paired together. Insane people generally remain in the care of the clan.[/list][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Conceptions of an Ideal Spouse][indent][list][*]Fertile - As procreation is one of the primary purposes of a marriage, infertile or impotent men (jestfully referred to as ‘unarmed men’) and barren women cannot enter into a marriage. A person who discovers their spouse is infertile can immediately dissolve the marriage. Indeed, virginity is looked upon with suspicion and a defect in a potential spouse as it may suggest a lack of ability in the bedsheets. Those who were or are married and have produced children are thus particularly attractive as their fertility is established. [*]Wealthy - A person without land or cattle (however little) cannot marry, as they bring no wealth to the marriage. [*]Healthy - A very fat person (measured by waste girth) also cannot marry as they are considered incapable of performing their duties, and it casts doubt as to one’s martial prowess. As a warrior people, the Sinn Dhein are somewhat obsessed with physical prowess, and so being fat is both a disgrace that lessens one's kyne and a punishable offence among certain clans. [*]Self-sacrificing and Industrious - Generally, an ideal spouse is one prepared to suffer for the sake of the marriage and future children, and industriousness in caring for one’s spouse and children are virtues. [*]Melodious, Intelligent, Brave, and Attractive - An ideal spouse should have a pleasant speaking voice, be able to sing, and should be clever, crafty, brave, and good looking. While it is not as much of a focus for a woman, being a capable fighter is considered more of a virtue in women than in men (in whom it is a necessity, and one is not praised for doing the bare minimum expected). [/list][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Courtship][indent]Courtship plays an important role in the marriage process for common, unequal, propertyless, flesh, and loony unions. Even though abductions, in the context of war unions, are considered a form of courtship, Sinn Dhein marriages are generally based on consent built over a long or short period of courtship. Only a warrior’s union, if abduction is considered a form of courtship, does not have a courtship process. Courtship practice differs tremendously by region and clan, and those that exist are more than can be enumerated, however below are two interesting customs. [indent]One interesting custom practiced by clans in the Sinn Dhein east is for the person who has identified a potential spouse to go to their house accompanied by a friend and throw their cap (usually a tam o’ shanter or a tartan hat of some kind) through the door when it is opened. If the cap is thrown back by the potential spouse it means they are not interested. One should be careful not to rush to throw the hat in case the potential spouse is not the one who opens the door – it would be awkward explaining the mistake to one’s potential mother- or father-in-law! Another interesting custom, practised by clans in the coastal regions, is that of carving [url=http://www.whimsicalwood.com/Welsh%20Lovespoons/Resources/firstlovespoon25.jpeg]lovespoons[/url] for one’s beloved. How this absurd custom emerged and spread is not quite clear, though its practice in coastal regions suggests a link to sailors who, while journeying to far off places, would bring spoons back to their loved ones. This practice seems to have caught on with lovers generally. The lovespoons are intricately decorated with things like keys (symbolising the key to the carver’s heart), wheels (symbolising the promise of industriousness and hard work) and beads (for the the number of children the carver would like).[/indent][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Common Marriage Practice][indent]It is common practice for each of the spouses-to-be to pay a discretionary amount of money to their prospective mother- and father-in-law, who then divided it with the clan chief. A base sum of money is then paid annually to one’s in-laws. Marriages are most commonly held during the feast of Beltane. Due to the great number of marriages that take place during the feast, it is not uncommon for couples to be married in groups. It is also common, just before the ceremony begins, for the family of the bride to ‘kidnap’ her. The groom and his family must then pursue the ‘kidnappers’ and rescue the bride. Where the marriage is matrilineal, the roles are reversed. In some regions it is believed that whoever actually frees the kidnapped bride would themselves marry on the following Beltane. Both brides and grooms usually wear the traditional tartan of their clan for the wedding ceremony itself. In some clans it is viewed as a sign of good fortune if the bride’s clothes are accidentally torn before the ceremony. The ceremony itself takes place in the open air, often in a place of spiritual significance, such as sacred groves, near sacred springs, or at stone circles, and all those in attendance go barefooted. Wedding vows are almost universal, but their substance differs greatly between clans. The pledge of Clan Braeg o’ MgIlsen is as follows [indent]Ye cannae possess me, fur a'm mah sole possessor, but while we baith wish 'n' th' gods decree, ah gie ye that whilk ah kin give. You cannae command me, fur a'm free but ah wull serve ye freely a' ye need and th' honeycomb wull taste sweeter comin' from a free hand I pledge tae ye that yers wull be th' name ah greet aloud in th' night and th' een intae whilk ah smile in th' morn I pledge tae ye th' foremaist bite o' mah meat and th' foremaist dram fae mah cup I pledge tae ye mah living 'n' mah dying, baith o' thaim in yer care and tae speak nae tae strangers o' oor griefs this is ma vow tae ye, th' pledge o' an equal tae an equal[/indent] As the newlyweds depart the grove or circle, bagpipes are played and milk diluted with water and drops of blood is often sprayed at them in order to ensure a fruitful union. A recent custom that has spread rapidly expects both newlyweds to throw a handful of sweetened nuts to children. It is believed that this simple act of generosity ensures wealth and happiness for many years. A feast usually takes place immediately following the ceremony and every guest is expected to bring food for this. Donations of food or other forms of wealth by those who are unable to be at the ceremony are also commonplace. During the feast, either the bride or groom can take steps to ensure marital faithfulness by disappearing midway through the feast and giving the other a drink in secret while whispering to them what is believed to be a charm. A wife may say something along the lines of [indent]This is th' charm ah set oan ye, A woman’s charm o' truth 'n' honour: Ye mah plough 'n' ah yer field, 'n' none bit we forever; Yer bairns mines 'n' mah bairns yers, aan oor honour bound[/indent][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Divorce][indent]As marriage is essentially a contract, it can be dissolved by either party at any time, though usually there is some kind of grievance that causes it. There is no social stigma associated with divorce as it is viewed as the dissolution of a contract, like the dissolution of any agreement. In cases where there is no particular grievance that has caused the divorce but both parties consented to the divorce, the length of the marriage becomes important in ascertaining how property is to be split. Marriages that have lasted seven years and more see all marriage property divided equally between the parties. Where one party has not consented to the divorce, or the marriage lasted less than seven years, a team of arbiters carries out an investigation to decide how to split the wealth between them. Marital faithlessness, defined as siring or birthing the child of one who is not one’s spouse, is sufficient grounds for divorce. Marital faithlessness does not automatically result in divorce however; the aggrieved party must halt sexual relations with the guilty one and then begin divorce proceedings. In cases like this, the aggrieved party generally leaves the marriage with all the wealth they came into it with as well as all wealth the couple accumulated over the period of the marriage. Wealth the guilty one entered the marriage with is retained, and any wealth earned or primarily owned by the guilty party’s other spouses is not factored in. Some clans recognise some very odd grounds for divorce, such as a spouse having bad breath. However, more common grounds are things like a spouse being obese or infertile. Not being industrious, or showing a lack of adequate concern for one’s spouse and children are also widely recognised grounds for divorce. Participating in criminal activity is also a legitimate ground for divorce, and a spouse who becomes an exile can be unilaterally divorced (the exile’s wealth is generally split between the clan, the exile’s family, and the divorcing spouse). If a spouse believes they were seduced into into marriage by trickery or magick, that can also be legitimate grounds for divorce. Betraying one’s spouse to their enemies is also a grounds for divorce, as is dishonouring them (this is [i]very[/i] broadly conceived and can include things like telling lies about one’s spouse, telling strangers about their personal problems and grievances, having one’s spouse satirised by a [i]Fili[/i], and so on). While marital rape is not entirely recognised, physical and mental abuse evidence a lack pf sufficient concern for one’s spouse, and so can be grounds for divorce (however, in cases like this it is less likely for the abused party to initiate a divorce and more likely for them to take personal revenge in some way, which is a customary response to being injured or attacked). In all these instances, the initial wealth of both parties is retained, but the wealth accumulated in the duration of the marriage is split in a discretionary manner by the arbiter/s. The seriousness of the grounds of divorce translates into a greater share of the accumulated wealth going to the aggrieved party. In the case of temporary marriages lasting one year and one day, divorce takes place at the end of the determined period by placing the couple back-to-back. By then walking away from one another, thy give their consent to divorce. Each person takes their initial wealth with them, and all wealth earned in the year and day since the marriage goes to whoever actually earned it.[/indent][/hider][/list][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Festivals][indent]The Sinn Dhein celebrate numerous festivals, many of them local or specific to a clan or region, but there are festivals that are observed by all, such as those celebrating the coming of the new season – Beltane, Sambane, Embilc, and Lignsid – and those celebrating the solstices and equinoxes. [centre][hider=Sinn Dhein Calendar][img]http://i.imgur.com/nU7ISrI.jpg[/img][/hider][/centre] [list][*][hider=Sambane][indent]Celebrated on Samonos 1, Sambane marks the beginning of the winter and the Sinn Dhein New Year, and is the festival memorialising the death of the gods Tymhorau and Raithean. Sambane is a reminder that death is the inevitable fate of all, but that death also promises rebirth come Spring. Thus, Semblane is a time to make peace with the inevitability of meeting with death in the end. On this day, the veil between the realm of the living and that of the dead – the spirit world – is thought to be at its thinnest, and so it is believed that the spirits of the dead can be communed with better than at any other time. Ancestors are remembered and revered – doors are left unlocked so their spirits can enter, meals are prepared for those who have recently passed, and the hearth-fire is kept alight through the night so the spirits can find a place of warmth and light. However, it is not only the spirit of ancestors that emerge on Sambane. The vengeful spirits of the evil [i]ap Morig[/i] also ride out from where they are imprisoned in the deepest pits of the underworld, searching for mortals to possess and ravage. Indeed, it is believed that the spirits of ancestors battle with the ethereal [i]ap Morig[/i], keeping them at bay from their families and clans – and they do so more earnestly the more they are honoured and revered. Spirits, due to their nearness to the gods, also have knowledge of the future, and so Sambane is a time where divination rituals spike. There are many types, but dancing apple seeds or hazelnuts on a fire are common for those asking about love and health. Some clans have a practice where each member of a household casts a stone into the hearth-fire. If, in the morning, it is discovered to have moved in the ashes, then whoever threw it would not live to see the next Sambane. Traditionally Sambane, marking the beginning of winter and the darkest part of the year, was also a time of preparation for the coming period of relative inactivity when clans hunker down in the ice and cold and pray they would survive winter. Sambane also marks the end of the growing season, when trees become bare of fruit, and traditionally the full moon preceding it is called the “crimson moon” because herdsmen must slaughter part of their herd to be able to feed the animals through the sparse winter nights. It is not uncommon for wealthy clans to supply clans-folk with enough fodder for all of winter, and this is also a time when clans take their herds and travel to warmer climes where forage is no object. The hallmark of Sambane is no doubt the clan gathering to light a mighty bonfire. This is believed to dispel [i]ap Morig[/i] spirits by both attracting the spirits of ancestors and strengthening them with their warmth and light. Importantly, this unites the clan, ensuring camaraderie and clan identity are preserved, while also providing an opportunity to forgive old wrongs and turn a new page. Some clans have a custom of rekindling every fire in the clan from the bonfire. Around the bonfire a festive spirit reigns, with men and women, young and old, eating seasonal foods and dancing to keep the [i]ap Morig[/i] away and aid their ancestors in holding them at bay. Small sacrifices and wishes are often thrown into the fire in the hopes of earning the favour of the gods.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Embilc][indent]Coming about on Ambanlic 1, Embilc marks the beginning of Spring, the time of picking the trees and moving the cattle to spring's great green pastures. H’Mrorrig, goddess of spring, is honoured in particular during this festival. A celebration of the strengthening light of the sun, Embilc is also a celebration of feminine mysteries – chief amongst them childbirth, of which the H’Mrorrig is goddess. Having experienced rebirth at midwinter, the gods Tymhorau and Raithean emerge as children in with the coming of Spring, and so Embilc is also a celebration of that.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Beltane][indent]Occurring on Bultaeg 1, Beltane hails the coming of Summer and light, and is the festival of life (both due to the time of year and the fertility of the earth, and life more generally); in this sense it is in many ways the exact opposite of Sambane. It is a fertility festival celebrating the maturation of the gods Tymhorau and Raithean into young lovers and their sexual union, as well as the creative energies and life born from their love-making. These energies are thought to bless the land, animals, and people, bestowing health and fertility on all. Like Sambane, Beltane is celebrated with great bonfires and revelry. Cattle are driven between the bonfires as a way of blessing and purifying them, and many young couples daringly leap over smaller flames or dance among them to bless and purify themselves also. The daylight hours of Beltane are the most popular time of year to ‘walk the tree’ (that is, get married). Beltane night is spent, in emulation of the gods, in feverish love-making. It matters little whether the partners know each other, for on that night all women are Raithean incarnate and all men are Tymhorau. It is not mere sex, however, but a blessed union. Women impregnated on Beltane night are forbidden from aborting, and the child is considered not her child, but an actual child of Tymhorau and Raithean. These Beltane-children do not inherit from their human parents and are instead placed in the care of the clan. Different clans have differing customs with regards to the selection of the so-called ‘Beltane [i]Rhig[/i] and [i]Bhaenrhig[/i]’. Some clans choose them and have them perform a pageant before the entire clan, while bolder customs have them take up the role of Raithean and Tymhorau more literally before the entire clan. Some clans do not have this custom at all. On Beltane, as with Sambane, the veil between the realm of the living and that of the spirits is considered to be nearly inexistent. Rather than spirits of the dead, however, it is the nature spirits that roam free on Beltane – not during the night, but during the day. While many of these spirits are believed to be benign, there are also those that are mischievous – doing things like switching the souls of newborns or beguiling people and animals so as to fool them into a limbo between the spirit realm and the realm of the living where one day is equivalent to centuries in the realm of the living. For this reason, many Sinn Dhein use talismans to ward off mischievous spirits on and around Beltane. Sacred woods are used to light the fire as an additional ward, and offerings of wine, milk, and fruits are left outside festival areas to divert and appease any mischievous spirits who might be attracted to the revelry.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Lignsid][indent]Celebrated from Lembiuod 1 to 20, Lignsid marks the end of Summer and the coming of Autumn, and is the fruit harvest festival. Lignsid is known for bringing many regional tribes together to celebrate for the duration of the twenty days, and in ancient times powerful [i]Rhig[/i]s were able to bring together all the Sinn Dhein clans from across the realm. From east to west and north to south, hundreds of thousands of people would pack up and make for the designated location of festivities for the year. The festivities begin with the [i]Bhaenrhig[/i] appearing in a tartan cloak, combining all the tartans of the Sinn Dhein clans and slaughtering a great bull. This also represents the wounding of the gods Tymhorau and Raithean who will die at Sambane to be reborn again at the winter solstice and emerge as children in Spring. The fruiting of trees is treated with great reverence, and fruits are dedicated to the gods and goddesses. With that, the festival erupts into celebration with all manner of massive sporting contests and feats of strength, different clans sending in their best and finest to compete. These annual games are said to have been instituted by the goddess Seihdhara herself and witness an enormous number of pipe bands massing together to release thunderous deliveries of traditional Sinn Dhein music in the opening and closing ceremonies of the festival. Sporting contests include chariot racing, weight throwing, hurling, caber tossing, stone put throwing, sword duelling, Sinn Dhein hammer throwing, lazy stick tussling, various animal fighting sports, weight-over-the-bar throwing, shinty, wrestling, curling, rowing, swimming, ba game playing, Sinn Dhein foot with the ball, archery, and Sinn Dhein highland dancing. It is also commonplace for clans to pitch teams of one hundred to five hundred clans-folk armed with wooden swords and shields that, once all clan teams have been sorted into one of two or three teams, engage in a massive mock battle with one another. It is commonplace for this annual mock-battle to result in injury, though it is usually nothing serious or permanent (this capacity to practice restraint and not cause as much harm as one can is considered a mark of battle-prowess by Sinn Dhein). Beyond these events, dancing, fighting, and other unruly behaviour characterise the feast. Lignsid is more than an opportunity to take part in sports, however, for it has been and continues to be a time when Sinn Dhein come together to celebrate their identity as a people and the loyalty of all clans to the [i]Rhig[/i] to other clans, as well as an opportunity for general socialising between clans and people who do not often cross paths. For this latter reason, Lignsid is also a very popular time to engage in temporary marriages lasting one year and one day. Marriage or not, however, Lignsid (for obvious reasons) features stupendous levels of sexual activity. Duels between renowned warriors, and disputes over the champion's portion, are also common on Beltane. Unlike Beltane and Sambane, Lignsid is a water festival, and just as being driven between bonfires on Beltane purifies cattle, on Lignsid they are blessed by being driven through shallows or, in the case of horses, making them swim across a river. Other customs include dressing sacred wells with flowers and the burial of flowers to signify the end of summer.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Gaef Solstice][indent]This is the longest night of the year and occurs around Seihdhos 21 every year. Regional clans tend to gather together to celebrate this night. Many symbols of fire and light are used to encourage the sun to wax stronger once again. On this night, it is believed by Sinn Dhein that Tymhorau and Raithean, who died at Sambane, undergo their rebirth.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Earrach Equinox][indent]This spells one of the two times of year where night and day are in equal balance, and occurs annually around Acagoil 21. However, with the passing of this day, light will begin to eclipse the darkness of night each passing day. The god and goddess Tymhorau and Raithean are both maturing from childhood, but the two have yet to marry and mate (which they will do at Beltane). Raithean journeys across the Sinn Dhein homeland, waking the land from the slumber of winter and leaving flowers where her feet touch the ground. The ground has now thawed and it is time for fruits to begin emergin – thus festivities around this time involve the blessing of trees and woodlands to ensure a bountiful fruit harvest.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Haf Solstice][indent]Midsummer occurs around Mragin 21 and is the longest day of the year. The sun is at the height of power and so are Tymhorau and Raithean. Tymhorau is the young dashing warrior, strong and virile. Raithean is with child, glowing with fertility and permeating the earth with it. Light and fire are the themes of this festival, including fire wheels being rolled down hills and into lochs, symbolising the sun’s strength. This is an auspicious time for [i]Wyndyn[/i] to gather herbs, especially magickal ones. The spirits of nature are believed to be especially active.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Fomhr Equinox][indent]Once more, night and day stand equally balanced, but this time night and darkness are waxing mighty. Tymhorau and Raithean were both wounded at Lignsid but will not perish until Sambane. Their power wanes along with the sun. The goddess, heavy with child, reflects the fruits of the harvest in her swollen belly. All around, the animal world prepares for winter and people shore up their defences and fill their stores for the cold, dark nights that lie before them or get ready to move to greener pastures. Deciduous trees erupt into dazzling colour in a final farewell before descending into winter’s dormancy. The crimson moon is near, when herdsmen who do not think they can ensure their herd's survival through winter slaughter a potion of it.[/indent][/hider][/list][/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Death][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/RQd2hI2.jpg?1[/img] [i]A' things ur Faetid t'wards termination [/i][/centre] Being a warrior people, the most honourable death possible for a Sinn Dhein is death in battle. Depending on clan custom, a person who dies may be buried, cremated, or have their ashes buried. Graves contain items needed for the next world, such as weapons to engage the [i]ap Morig[/i] in battle during Sambane and to generally defend oneself on the journey to the spirit world, as well as food, wine, clothing, torcs, and other forms of wealth. While Sinn Dhein believe in rebirth, they believe this is optional and that one who has led a good life may elect to remain in the spirit world for as long as they pleased, even forever. If reborn, Sinn Dhein believe one can return in any form. The spirit world is believed to be a paradise where the dead wear gowns of silver and gold, and gold bands around their waists, torcs on their necks, and jewelled circlets on their brows. They can sally forth on chariots of fire to do battle with the [i]ap Morig[/i] on Sambane and carry out various quests in the spirit world to ensure the safety of the realm of the living. Funeral customs that require cremation include the sacrifice of sheep and oxen so that their fat can be placed on the body. The carcasses are then placed around the dead person’s body, along with jars of honey and oil. Beloved horses, dogs, and other animals are slaughtered and their bodies are piled on top, and the entire thing is set aflame. The dead are addressed and people wail in mourning. Once the fire is extinguished with wine or mead, the remains are taken out and laid in a golden urn, which is then buried alongside food and weaponry inside a burial cist with a cairn or [abbr=an earthen burial mound]barrow[/abbr] over it. Clans with customs that require the burial of the body tend to have the body washed and wrapped in a death shroud before laying it out with burning candles around it inside the home for a period of five to seven days. People visit to lament and mourn the dead person and give praise. Three days after the body is laid out, a small feast is held in their honour featuring sporting events. The body has a bowl placed on their chest into which people place food and gold for use on the journey to the next life. On the morning of burial, a [i]Treiwynd[/i] arrives to measure the body so as to ensure their final resting place is fitted to their size. The [i]Wynd[/i] also whispers into the ear of the dead person. What it is that the [i]Wynd[/i] says is unknown, though people postulate that they whisper instructions on how to get to the spirit world. The person is then buried supine in a burial cist with their weapons and gifts, and a cairn or barrow is built over them. If the body of a person could not be retrieved for burial, the family of the deceased can approach a [i]Wynd[/i] for an assortment of rituals that will ensure the safe passage of the deceased’s spirit to the spirit world.[/indent][/hider] [*][hider=Warhounds][indent][centre][img]https://i.imgur.com/yorn4U6.jpg?1[/img][/centre] Ancient Sinn Dhein used [url=https://i.pinimg.com/originals/b4/b4/1d/b4b41dd37f0ab0f2b3669fd4909ec1c1.png]wolfhounds[/url], amongst the biggest, if not the biggest, [url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Irish_wolfhound.jpg/220px-Irish_wolfhound.jpg]dogs[/url] known to them, for war and hunting. Sinn Dhein still use them for these purposes – a wolfhound is a terror on the field! The other major Sinn Dhein breed is the [url=https://www.dogweb.nl/bordercolliegfx/border_collie_painting_1.jpg]Border Collie[/url], one of the most intelligent dog breeds. Used primarily as a herding dog, its extreme intelligence also makes it exceptional for various military duties.[/indent][/hider][/list][/hider] [*][hider=Other] [list][*][hider=Styles and Titles][i]Bhaenrhig[/i]/[i]Rhig [/i]- Queen/King, when addressing the monarch [i]Amlwyg[/i] - Heir Apparent, when addressing the heir [i]Tywsyg[/i]/[i]Tywsygys[/i] - Prince/Princess, when addressing a member of the royal family Chief/Laird - When addressing a clan chief [i]Hynaf[/i]/[i]Rhaig[/i] - When addressing the heir apparent of a clan. [i]Hynaf[/i] for males, [i]Rhaig[/i] for females. [i]Larwynd[/i] - When addressing [i]Wyndyn[/i], regardless of gender or type. His/Her Grace - When referring to the Bhaenrhig and Rhig The High-born - When referring to the heir The Well-born - When referring to a member of the royal family The Much Honoured - When referring to a clan chief/laird The Honoured - When referring to the heir apparent of a clan The Hallowed - When referring to a [i]Wynd[/i] of any type[/hider] [*][hider=Trait][list][*]Our Mother's Gift - It is Sinn Dhein tradition that while a mother is giving birth the father (or, where none is present, an uncle, grandfather, or any member of the clan) must leave and climb the sacred mountain, Caer Seihdhar, and seek an omen from Seihdhara. This omen is considered the newborn's [i]Ainaim[/i] (soul-name). For instance, if the weather happens to be stormy and the time that of night, the [i]Ainaim[/i] may be 'Light in the Night'. If an eagle flies by on a clear day, 'Eagle in Full-Sight'. These [i]Aainaimin[/i] are sacred and provide the person with direct connection with the Bear Mother. One without an [i]Ainaim[/i] is considered incomplete. Likewise, on birth every Sinn Dhein is given a [i]Faisehd[/i], a warning or prophecy of sorts - e.g. 'you shall die within a week of killing the red-horned ram' or 'do not eat of the fruit of the cherry tree' or 'Be bloody, bold, and resolute; laugh to scorn the power of man, for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth' or 'Be lion-mettled, proud; and take no care who chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are: Macbeth shall never vanquish'd be until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill shall come against him'. So long as one conforms with their [i]Faisehd[/i] (and a person may have more than one, as we see with Macbeth) then they are fine, having greater kyne. One who breaks it, however, does damage to their kyne and may ultimately die. [i]'Aye, ah broke mah Faisehd laddie. Best coupon th' auld reaver lik' a true hielan man eh?'[/i] [*]Children of the Bear Mother - The Sinn Dhein believe the blood of the war-goddess Seihdhara runs in their veins, most potently in those whose hair is red. In war, it is their ultimate purpose to seek out glory, worthy foes to take-on in single combat, engage in valorous deed, and ultimately attain either death or victory. However, this pursuit of individual honour, greater kyne, and acts of valour can sometimes lead to a certain propensity towards disobedience and insubordination, with acts of individual valour and glory being viewed as far more worthy than following commands to the T. [i]'Ye hielan men! Les sho they degenerates wha comes tae claim thair bides this day!'[/i] [*]Sinn Dhein Ways and Sinn Dhein Laws - The Sinn Dhein have no official legal system. The law of the land is custom and any disputes arising that do not fall within the remit of established customary law are dealt with via arbitration. Where arbitration over novel problems fails (a very rare occurrence), disputes are ultimately settled through duels between the aggrieved parties so as to avoid family feuds and clan wars. This provides for very swift and cost-efficient administration of justice, and the legitimacy of custom makes for ultimately satisfied disputants (particularly since there is a feeling that the ancient ways have been preserved and authentic Sinn Dhein ways and laws have thus persevered). However, results tend to lack predictability for novel issues or recently-established customs, and the legal system as a whole is utterly decentralised and almost impossible for foreigners to grasp (which is particularly bad for business). [i]'Wance upon a time thare wis... Sinn Dhein ways 'n' Sinn Dhein laws...'[/i] [*]Wisdom Immemorial - In the class of scholarly druids known as [i]Arwyndyn[/i], the Sinn Dhein have a true boon. They are supposedly privy to knowledge from the times of the [i]ap Morig[/i] and teh glorious age of the gods to the present in an unbroken chain - epitomised in the Seer. When they deign to allow the light of all that they know to shine forth onto the Sinn Dhein, wondrous innovations result. However, the [i]Arwyndyn[/i] are notoriously reclusive and secretive, there perhaps being no class of people who have maintained absolute secrecy as well as they have. [i]'Ní féidir lyeat dció a scriosaedh. Ní fiyú é seo.'[/i][/list][/hider] [*][hider=List of Clans and Sub-Clans] [list][*]Clan Aelric; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://thumbs.imagekind.com/234263_650/James-Morgan-Scottish-Highlander-Kenneth-MacLeay_art.jpg?v=1491776812]Cathaoir[/url] of Clan Aelric [*]Clan Agalvae; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://thumbs.imagekind.com/366728_650/John-Brown-Manservant-to-Queen-Victoria-MacLeay_art.jpg?v=1491808141]Alasdaer[/url] of Clan Agalvae [*]Clan Agronae; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/736x/6a/12/66/6a1266ed15695da5d7ba3b94618a99be--celtic-clothing-scotland-castles.jpg]Braendin[/url] of Clan Agronae [*]Clan ap-Dhugael; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://d3d00swyhr67nd.cloudfront.net/w1200h1200/NTS/NTS_BROE_73_29.jpg]Padraeg[/url] of Clan ap-Dhugael [*]Clan ap-Entosh; The Much Honoured Chief [url=http://kleinburd.ru/news/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/82626181_original.jpg]Eoin[/url] of Clan ap-Entosh [*]Clan ap-Fhinnan; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/originals/30/26/e7/3026e7dc3d26700c28b9edfa85276ea8.jpg]Somhairle[/url] of Clan ap-Fhinnan [indent]Clan ap-Fhinnan o' Iwan; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/GyYjFty.jpg?2]Maol-Choluim[/url] of Clan ap-Fhinnan o' Iwan[/indent] [*]Clan ap-Filigan; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/h1fIgYc.jpg?2]Dhomas[/url] of Clan ap-Filigan [indent]ap-Filigan o' th'Reaches; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/NPtbkKQ.jpg?2]Saenlig[/url] of Clan ap-Filigan o' th'Reaches ap-Filigan o' Balmaen; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/85/01/7e/85017e673a2ba409a6cb38edc7c61cf6.jpg]Paedin[/url] of Clan ap-Filigan o' Balmaen[/indent] [*]Clan ap-Gwynnud; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/ROKwCFP.jpg?2]Oeghan[/url] of Clan ap-Gwynnud [indent]ap-Gwynnud o' Caernmowni; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/rkgOn2a.jpg?2]Mathghaemhain[/url] of Clan ap-Gwynnud o' Caernmowni ap-Gwynnud o' Caluk; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/dDHMHZv.jpg?1]Faerdorcha[/url] of Clan ap-Gwynnud o' Caluk ap-Gwynnud o' Clagduff; The Much Honoured Chief [url=http://clan-macnab.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/macnab.jpg]Toirdhealbhach[/url] of Clan ap-Gwynnud o' Clagduff[/indent] [*]Clan ap-Ilinray; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/2MfRu3m.jpg?2]Riochard[/url] of Clan ap-Ilinray [indent]ap-Ilinray o' Dnabree; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/Dr54mZP.jpg?2]Raemonn[/url] of Clan ap-Ilinray o' Dnabree[/indent] [*]Clan ap-MgGonnal; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://d3d00swyhr67nd.cloudfront.net/w1200h1200/NSC/NSC_IMAG_ITH_26.jpg]Padrhaegin[/url] of Clan ap-MgGonnal [*]Clan ap-MgOllman; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/72/96/bb/7296bb75b2dbfffda35cb0edb9a4546d.jpg]Uaithne[/url] of Clan ap-MgOllman [*]Clan ap-Olaidh; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://imgur.com/ZveKVt8]Tadhfen[/url] of Clan ap-Olaidh [*]Clan Aujvint; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/A3Zfok0.jpg?2]Feillim[/url] of Clan Aujvint [indent]Aujvint o' th'Marshes; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/nMZ3Iwb.jpg?1]Chu-Mhaedha[/url] of Clan Aujvint o' th'Marshes Laird-Aujvint; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/WE5KNeF.jpg?2]Bhaethghalloch[/url] of Clan Laird-Aujvint[/indent] [*]Clan Beltan o' Tymthean; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/fYY7qdC.jpg?2]Kaelin Laenouvor[/url] of Clan Beltan o' Tymthean [*]Clan Braeg; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/Uu5w7hf.jpg?2]Connell[/url] of Clan Braeg [indent]Braeg o' MgIlsen; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/79/1e/bf/791ebff63fff0330a3f1ce3a92650707.jpg]Chae-Caenacht[/url] of Clan Braeg o' MgIlsen Braeg o' th'Braes; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/AmRhY9K.jpg?2]Duaidhe[/url] of Clan Braeg o' th'Braes[/indent] [*]Clan Connacht; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/2UNkmry.jpg?2]Ainrie[/url] of Clan Connacht [indent]Connacht o' Cornams-Crest; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/AuNXJWh.jpg?2]Finghen[/url] of Clan Connacht o' Cornams-Crest[/indent] [*]Clan Culquown; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/54WYOdz.jpg?1]Conchobhar[/url] of Clan Culquown [*]Clan Dhaebidhe; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/4eyZeEx.jpg?1]Manghus[/url] of Clan Dhaebidhe [*]Clan Dhonnuil; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/WpqjjJw.jpg?1]Celatus[/url] of Clan Dhonnuil [indent]Dhonnuil o' Ronnuil; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/VeSqR19.jpg?2]Nuahdha[/url] of Clan Dhonnuil o' Ronnuil MgDhonals o' Glencove; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/John_Nicol_Drummond.jpg/300px-John_Nicol_Drummond.jpg]Uoltaen[/url] of Clan MgDhonals o' Glencove[/indent] [*]Clan Dochmar; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/CQNC62z.jpg?1]Vaughan[/url] of Clan Dochmar [*]Clan Esher; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://imgur.com/uzXj2nD]Kellasdindr[/url] of Clan Esher [indent]Rhiglaird Esher; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/UKX3KhX.jpg?1]Ruaidhri[/url] of Clan Rhiglaird Esher[/indent] [*]Clan Fhaerchar; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/af/a8/f3/afa8f35ac62db232de63e3c09ee87508.jpg]Gearalt[/url] of Clan Fhaerchar [*]Clan Ghillmhol; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/BurF5PC.jpg?2]Rhagnall[/url] of Clan Ghillmhol [*]Clan Ghiuari; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/cYgVOTz.jpg?1]Gealle-Mhuire[/url] of Clan Ghiuari [*]Clan Grantaeg; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/1FdboqY.jpg?3]Eiraemhon[/url] of Clan Grantaeg [*]Clan Guilibraec; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/80/81/de/8081de1b3b1077935df33f083e9534bd.jpg]Eoin[/url] of Clan Guilibraec [*]Clan Guinn; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/LaGNeoQ.jpg?1]Gealle-Chriosid[/url] of Clan Guinn [*]Clan Gweilaerth; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e4/6b/0c/e46b0c5768a2d46953dd0fede6edfb87.jpg]Lownsaech[/url] of Clan Gweilaerth [*]Clan Haiho; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/VcdCxrC.jpg?1]Fionghuine[/url] of Clan Haiho [*]Clan Laird Loamainn; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://www.fromoldbooks.org/DeanRamsay-ScottishLifeAndCharacter/pages/088-The-Shepherd/088-The-Shepherd-q95-983x1290.jpg]Anfuadan[/url] of Clan Laird Loamainn [indent]Laird Loamainn o' Fulfraen; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/D30HGJx.jpg?2]Cuamhai[/url] of Clan Laird Loamainn o' Fulfraen[/indent] [*]Clan M'Hnaen; The Much Honoured [i]Ceannard[/i] Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/ZqHx9rg.jpg?1]Cormac[/url] Niall of Clan M'Hnaen [*]Clan Maengun; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/kMYqF4S.jpg?1]Aemon[/url] of Clan Maengun [*]Clan Mawleh; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/XITOBHS.jpg?2]Gealle-Bhaethain[/url] of Clan Mawleh [*]Clan MgCrae; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/gUr9coX.jpg?2]Faehrghus[/url] of Clan MgCrae [indent]Clan MgCrae o' Raeth; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/ENRg5Dc.jpg?2]Dhaemneic[/url] of Clan MgCrae o' Raeth[/indent] [*]Clan MgEwaen; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/0nIsc0f.png?1]Daethei[/url] of Clan MgEwaen [*]Clan MgGakel; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/PkWpeAT.jpg?2]Daermoidh[/url] of Clan MgGakel [*]Clan MgGrregah; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/3a/ff/d4/3affd4743de53be87a90ee8db22ac455.jpg]Aechann[/url] of Clan MgGrregah [indent]MgGrregah o' Galams-Stand; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/Piu390w.jpg?3]Aenric[/url] of Clan MgGrregah o' Galams-Stand[/indent] [*]Clan MgIntsaer; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/kPBxB6R.png?1]Fhael[/url] of Clan MgIntsaer [*]Clan MgLabrinn; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/MlOs68r.jpg?2]Gaervein[/url] of Clan MgLabrinn [*]Clan MgLachlainn; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/076pPOH.jpg?2]Faolan[/url] of Clan MgLachlainn [*]Clan Mhaeridh; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRarf5Npk3QyP90qpb6U7BnwlyoltNKZKqr13nKeKEJ1HKyIdShuA]Diaermodh[/url] of Clan Mhaeridh [*]Clan Mwryfin (extinct) [*]Clan Ol Mirti; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/plUBLNM.jpg?2]Lochlainn[/url] of Clan Ol Mirti [*]Clan Oq Haert; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.pinimg.com/564x/b0/53/4b/b0534b7eb2f98ef13aac33a3d6c10c17.jpg]Aonghus[/url] of Clan Oq Haert [*]Clan Rosaec; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://www.nam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2017-09/24019_half.jpg]Ruathan[/url] Muhrdhaenn of Clan Rosaec [*]Clan Sirjin; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/b0nETT7.jpg?2]Cainneach[/url] Iomhar of Clan Sirjin [*]Clan Umbruse; The Much Honoured Chief [url=https://i.imgur.com/MvugI2P.jpg?3]Fionnlagh[/url] of Clan Umbruse [indent]Umbruse o' Bruce; The Much Honoured Chief [url=http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/0_PCV_M/0_post_card_views_scotland_highlands_a_highland_chieftain_wrs.jpg]Muraedhach[/url] of Clan Umbruse o' Bruce[/indent][/list][/hider][/list][/hider] [/list]