[b]ETHIOPIA AND ITS CLIENTS[/b] [img]https://i.imgur.com/ISzvYy6.png[/img] The first victory was at hallowed Adwa where the Roman dead fell The second victory was at traitor’s Segale where Solomon did quell The third victory was at British Eldama where blood spilled under shell The fourth victory was at distant Fashoda under where the Nile dwell The fifth victory was the honorable peace worthy of the stele. [i]-Nebiyu Eleyas, Court Poet of Iyasu V, 1922[/i] [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/4468280]2017 Reboot Char Sheet[/url] [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/4469302]2017 Reboot App[/url] [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/2345095]2014 RPG PoW Sheet[/url] [url=http://www.minecraftforum.net/forums/off-topic/forum-games/forum-roleplaying/440287-precipice-of-war-and-like-a-gypsy-band-we-move#entry11036731]2012 MCF PoW Sheet[/url] [url=http://forum.spore.com/jforum/posts/list/240/70820.page#3223570]2011 Sporum Sheet[/url] [hider=ETHIOPIA'S APP] On December the 12th, the old warhorse and Emperor of Ethiopia, Menelik II, passed away. He was born during the Zemene Mesafint: The Age of Princes, or warring states period of Ethiopia, where warlords roamed the highlands vying for power through blade and black powder. He saw the return of the Empire, and in middle age he was selected to lead it. By the end of his reign he'd more than doubled the size of the Empire and decisively defeated the Italians at the Battle of Adwa, cementing Ethiopian hegemony in the region. Then he died. His heir was an eighteen year old boy with a baby face and an impulsive streak that broke away from tradition. He was crowned Iyasu V. The events surrounding Iyasu V's ascendancy to the throne of Ethiopia were fraught. Seen as a ne'er do well and a possible heretic, he was not embraced by the Mesafint: the nobility of Ethiopia. He befriended and actively appointed Muslims within government, an act that scandalized the Mesafint further. Global politics complicated matters. Iyasu V came to power in 1913. A year later, Europe was at war. The European war mattered because all of Ethiopia's borders were with colonial holdings of the European warring powers: specifically, Britain, Italy, and France. They feared his reported friendship with the Dervish rebels in Somalia who were haunting the European powers there, and his alleged interest in the Central powers further worried them. So the Europeans sowed mistrust and armed members of the Mesafint who opposed Iyasu. A coup was launched. Iyasu's father, Mikael of Wollo, came to his aid. History shifted here. In our timeline, Mikael was defeated and the Mesafint coup succeeded. But in the Precipice timeline, Iyasu's friends in the Muslim world made a move. The Dervish of Somalia entered the war. Khalid al-Himyari, an ally of the Mad Mullah of Somalia, supported Mikael of Wollo at the Battle of Segale and turned the tide. Iyasu V defeated the coup and joined The Great War on the side of the Central Powers. The Ethiopian and Dervish alliance quickly caused the Allies to abandon Somalia, and shortly thereafter Eritrea, utilizing arms given to them by Germany. In return, Ethiopia agreed to support a campaign to drive the British out of East Africa, entering British East Africa from the north while the Germans under General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck came from the south. The British put up a stiff fight but nearly lost all their East African forces in the region at the Battle of Eldama Ravine in 1919. This caused the British to pull back to Mombasa. The Ethiopians took Fashoda in 1921 after a short siege. The ceasefires put an end to active fighting and the beleaguered government of Iyasu paused to take stock. In the twenties, the Mad Mullah died. Khalid al-Himyari went back to Somalia and, through a campaign of intrigue and violence, kept the Dervish state from falling into Civil War. The Peace saw Ethiopia given protectorship of the land it had already taken, due to the fierceness in which they contested it was their right, that their control would ensure stability in the region, and the simple fact that contesting their right would mean war. For the Ethiopians, this meant a new identity. Propaganda became art and history, proclaiming the importance of the "Five Victories": Adwa, Segale, Eldama Ravine, Fashoda, and The Peace. Iyasu died in 1935 of cancer. His twenty year old son, Yohannes V, took over his father's project of reforming the government. Fear of European supremacy allowed a loose feudal confederation to form, but Yohannes wanted to bring it more together. The Empire Yohannes inherited looked like this: Ethiopia: Still ruled by its traditional feudal forms, which would take time to iron out. He worked by strengthening the central government and giving it direct control any time the opportunity arose. Medri Bahri: Eritrea, who's native Tigrinya were given a lot of autonomy under their Bahr Negus, or Sea King. The Bahr Negus commands Ethiopia's navy, giving it a lot of pull and respect within the Ethiopian government, while staying in the Imperial fold to avoid the threat of an Italian return. Daraawiishta Sultanate: The Dervish state is still controlled by the al-Himyari dynasty. Primarily Muslim, it is a de-jure subject of the Emperor of Ethiopia, though almost independent to the point many maps show it as a separate nation. The Iyasuan dynasty is interested in folding it more into the government. The East African Protectorates: Mombasa, Nairobi, Acholiland, and Buganda. These small governances are hardly ruled so much as colonized. Ethiopia simply retains economic dominance and as much peace as they can afford. Sudd: The Ethiopians took Fashoda for strategic regions, blocking the British from launching assaults from the north. They retained this land for military reasons, but have hardly thought about governing it, to the point the border is hardly defined. A series of jungles and infamous marshes, it is a hard land. Imperial Djibouti: Held on to more directly by the Emperor than most of Ethiopia itself is. Yohannes died of influenza in 1951. His son Sahle, the same age as Yohannes when he ascended, became Emperor at 20. There is much doubt over the character of Sahle, who seems as impulsive and immature as his grandfather, but without the guiding hand of Menelik in his youth or the crisis of his young adulthood to shape him. Ethiopia is running on inertia, its frontiers brimming with shiftas (outlaws) so effective they are oftentimes likened to the biblical Maccabees. If the Empire can reform, it could become the most powerful state in Africa, if not the Indian Ocean. If it fails, it could return to its Zemene Mesafint in bloodier style and devolve into a failed state rivaling Russia for horror. [/hider] [u][b]RESOURCES[/b][/u] NAMES [i]Convention:[/i] "Ethiopians do not use surnames. The same system is used by both Christians and Muslims. An individual's name consists of his proper name followed by his father's name. Individuals are, there-fore, normally referred to by their proper (i.e. first) name. Both the proper name and the father's name may have two components; thus a name may consist of three or four words. In addition secular or religious titles may be added to one or both names. (See appendix for titles). Many Ethiopian names are, in effect, phrases. Wives do not take their husbands' names. Three courtesy titles are used in Ethiopia: Ato (Mr), Woizero (Mrs), and Woizerit (Miss)." (citation: "Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia" by Paul B. Henze) [url=https://ethiopia.limbo13.com/index.php/ethiopian_names/ethiopian_names_a]Ethiopian names (see naming conventions below)[/url] [url=https://www.fantasynamegenerators.com/ethiopian-names.php]Quick Ethiopian Names[/url] [url=https://www.fantasynamegenerators.com/oromo-names.php]Quick Oromo Names[/url] [url=https://www.fantasynamegenerators.com/somali-names.php]Quick Somali Names[/url] [url=https://www.fantasynamegenerators.com/muslim_names.php]Quick Arab NAmes[/url] [url=https://www.fantasynamegenerators.com/swahili-names.php]Quick Swahili Names[/url] [url=https://www.fantasynamegenerators.com/luo-names.php]Quick Luo (Uganda/Kenya) Names[/url] [url=https://www.fantasynamegenerators.com/kikuyu-names.php]Quick Kikuyu (Central Kenya) Names[/url] OTHER [url=http://www.ethiopianfolktales.com]Ethiopian Folktales[/url] [u][b]MAPS[/b][/u] [hider=POLITICAL REFERENCE MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/szraxLw.jpg[/img] [/hider] [hider=ETHIOPIAN CORE PROVINCES AND FIEFS MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/IlvCJmv.png[/img] [/hider] [hider=ETHIOPIAN ETHNIC AND TRIBAL MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/qbCfLbG.png[/img] [/hider] [hider=KENYAN ETHNIC AND TRIBAL MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/JY0L5Yn.jpg[/img] [/hider] [hider=ERITREAN ETHNIC AND TRIBAL MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/kmyw8XD.jpg[/img] [/hider] [hider=UGANDAN ETHNIC AND TRIBAL MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/wrAPimP.jpg[/img] [/hider] [hider=SOMALIAN ETHNIC AND CLAN MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/2CJVAtt.jpg[/img] [/hider] [hider=SOUTH SUDAN ETHNIC AND TRIBAL MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/FB6ewv2.png[/img] [/hider] [hider=AFRICA RELIGION MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/8YAgoFG.jpg[/img] [/hider] [hider=AFRICA BIOMES MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/RvdbSUh.png[/img] [/hider] [hider=AFRICA POPULATION HEAT MAP] [img]https://i.imgur.com/HyHF6TM.png[/img] [/hider] [hider=EAST AFRICA HEIGHT MAP AND GREAT RIFT VALLEY] [img]https://i.imgur.com/UfuDtHO.jpg[/img] [/hider] [u][b]PROVINCES[/b][/u] [Hider=Ethiopia] --Capital: Addis Ababa --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/ISzvYy6.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Daraawiishta (Somalia)] --Capitals: Taleh (De-Jure), Hargeisa (De-Facto) --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/bgIoYMU.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Medri Bahri] --Capital: Massawa --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/4Ulhtk0.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Djibouti] --Capital: Djibouti --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/lSTb9MF.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Wollo] --Capital: Desse --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/mRPtnUz.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Tigray] --Capital: Mekelle --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/Tp1jpA3.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Begemder] --Capital: Gondar --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/Q6qvJjd.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Gojjam] --Capital: Debre Markos --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/noKKLau.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Illubabor] --Capital: Gore --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/GfTWOv4.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Hararghe] --Capital: Harar --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/oB79XtL.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Arsi] --Capital: Asella --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/GYnR3t9.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Bale] --Capital: Robe --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/Q9WoZP2.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Welega] --Capital: Nekemte --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/jrbyy06.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Kaffa] --Capital: Jimma --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/DOtDIP8.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Gamu-Gofa] --Capital: Chencha --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/J90ruc5.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider=Sidamo] --Capital: Irgalem --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/oWEAPzP.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider= Mombasa] --Capital: Mombasa --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/MG1mp70.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider= Nairobi] --Capital: Nairobi --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/8mlrcRA.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider= Buganda] --Capital: Kampala --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/Inyyv8B.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider= Acholiland] --Capital: Gulu --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/tYhmZ1x.png[/img] [/hider] [Hider= Sudd] --Capital: Fashoda --Extra Info: --Flag: [img]https://i.imgur.com/U6H6JrY.png[/img] [/hider] [u][b]CHARACTERS[/b][/u] [b]ETHIOPIA AND CORE SUBJECTS (MEDRI BAHRI & DJIBOUTI)[/b] [b]Imperial Family[/b] -[u][i]Negus Negast[/i] Sahle the First, Emperor of Ethiopia[/u] (Born 07/04/1930: 24). -[u][i]Le'elt[/i] Taytu Yohannes[/u] (Born 09/11/1932: 22): Ambitious princess. [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/5197278]Description/Introduction[/url] -[u][i]Leul[/i] Yaqob Yohannes[/u] (Born 02/02/1939: 16): Sahle's idealistic young brother. -[u][i]Emebet Hoy[/i] Eleni[/u]: (Born 1910: 45) Mother of Sahle, Taytu, and Yaqob, widow of Yohannes. [b]Imperial Family (Deceased)[/b] -[i](Negus Mikael of Wollo, born Mohammed Ali)[/i]: Father of Iyasu V. Lived 1850-1919. -[i](Iyasu V)[/i]: Grandfather of Sahle, Yaqob, and Taytu. Lived 1895-1935. -[i](Yohannes Iyasu)[/i]: Son of Iyasu V and father of Sahle, Yaqob, and Taytu. Lived 1915-1951 (died of influenza) [b]Imperial Court[/b] -[b]Tsehafi Taezaz (Minister of the Pen)[/b]: -[b]Afe Negus (Mouth of the King/Minister of Justice)[/b]: -[b]Meridazmach (Minister of Defense)[/b]: -[b]Bahr Negus (Sea King/Minister of the Navy[/b]: -[b]Bejirond (Minister of Finance)[/b]: -[b]Minister of Foreign Affairs[/b]: [u]Man Chelot Wesene[/u] (The Fifth Victory). -[b]Minister of Transportation and Public Works[/b]: -[b]Minister of Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones[/b]: -[b]Blattengeta (Lord of the Pages/Youths)[/b]: [b]Ambassadors [u]from[/u] Ethiopia[/b] - [b]Ambassadors [u]to[/u] Ethiopia[/b] -EGYPT: [u]Sad al-Mir[/u]. [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/5197278]Description/Introduction[/url] [b]The Bureaucracy[/b] - [b]The Mesafint (The Five Rases) [/b] -[b]Begemder[/b]: -[b]Illubabor[/b]: -[b]Gojjam[/b]: -[b]Tigray[/b]: -[b]Wollo[/b]: [b]The Mekwanint (lesser nobility)[/b] - [b]The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church[/b] -[i]Abun[/i]: [b]Mehal Sefari (Royal Guard)[/b] Gear: White dress uniform w/ gold trim. White-tan pith helmet w/ lion's mane plume. Epaulettes with lions mane fringe. Luger sidearm. Shotel sidearm. MP-28 Submachine guns. Characters: [b]The Army[/b] Gear: Characters: [b]The Airforce[/b] Gear: Warm clothes. Pistol. Characters: [b]The Navy[/b] Gear: Grey uniforms. Ships: Characters: [b]The Shotel[/b] Gear: Unmarked khaki or black uniforms. German Luger. Characters: -[u]Leyla Masri[/u]: Nineteen year old agent. Knows martial arts. Daughter of Masri Farid. [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/5197278]Description/Introduction[/url] -[u]Elias Zelalem[/u]: Leyla's partner. Boyish looking. [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/5197278]Description/Introduction[/url] [b]The Meqabyan (AKA Shiftas, Rebels, and Extremists)[/b] - [b]People of Ethiopia (By Location)[/b] - [b]EMIRATE OF DARAAWIISHTA[/b] Emir: [u]Hassan al-Himyari[/u]: (Born 1902: 53). -[u]Azima al-Himyari[/u]: (Born 10/06/1936: 18 )Hassan's daughter and heir. -Táofàn: Chinese man in his seventies who taught [i]furusiyya[/i]. Speaks many languages. Veteran of Boxer Rebellion. Dervish Military - [b]THE PROTECTORATES[/b] [b]Mombasa[/b] - [b]Nairobi[/b] - [b]Buganda[/b] - [b]Acholiland[/b] - [b]Sudd[/b] - [b]FERENGI (Foreigners)[/b] -[u]Mahboob el-Sader[/u]: Representative of Aden and the Aden General Union of Workers (AGUW). [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/5197278]Description/Introduction[/url] -[u]Farouk I[/u]: King of Egypt. -[u]Ahmad bin Yahya[/u] (Amhad the Devil, Big Turban, al-Djinn): King of North Yemen (Mutawakkilite Kingdom). -[u]Saleet el-Baluch[/u]: Maternal nephew of Ahmad. Member of Ahmad's inner circle. [url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/5197278]Description/Introduction[/url] [b]PEOPLE FROM THE PAST[/b] -Nebiyu Eleyas, Court Poet of Iyasu V (Wrote the five victories poem). [u][b]PLACES[/b][/u] - [u][b]APPENDIX[/b][/u] [u][b]PRODUCTS[/b][/u] Vehicles -[i]Doofarka[/i]: Dervish military produced dune-buggie. Typically basic skeletal build. Rounded at top to allow to roll. [u][b]CULTURAL/REGIONAL APPENDIX[/b][/u] [Hider=CLOTHES AND WEAPONS] -[i]Bernos[/i]: Thick wool garment with hood. Popular with the elite. -[i]Frock Coat[/i]: General. Saved here for Dr Sisi. -[i]Gabi[/i]: A four-layered chiffon cloth worn around the shoulders similar to a toga. Similar to the Shamma. -[i]Gile[/i]: Knife worn by Afar men. Used primarily to slaughter livestock. -[i]Habesha Kemis[/i]: Woman's dress. -[i]Kaftan[/i] General. Long robe. -[i]Khamis[/i] Somali. White desert robe. -[i]Kitab[/i]: An amulet that consists of a little pouch, inside of which is a rolled up piece of parchment with a magic spell written on it. Worn around the neck to defend against evil spirits. -[i]Koofiyad[/i]: Somali. Little muslim cap. -[i]Kuta[/i]: A two-layered chiffon cloth worn over the shoulders. Similar to a Shama. Worn by men. -[i]Lembde[/i]: Lions mane robe. Worn by warriors. -[i]Merikani[/i]: White cotton cloth. -[i]Netela[/i]: Two-layered chiffon cloth worn by women. Similar to Kuta. Covers head and shoulders. -[i]Shamma[/i]: A large cotton robe or shawl that is common in Ethiopia. -[i]Shotel[/i]: A curved sword similar to a scimitar. Unlike a scimitar, it is most often sharpened on the inside of the curve. -[i]Timtim[/i]: White turban worn by priests. -[i]Tor[/i]: Spear. Also can mean war. -[i]Tunic[/i]: General. Shirt that ends somewhere between hips and knees. [/hider] [hider=FAUNA] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Ethiopia]BIRDS OF ETHIOPIA[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Kenya]BIRDS OF KENYA[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Uganda]BIRDS OF UGANDA[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardvark]Aardvark (Nocturnal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardwolf]Aardwolf (Hyenaish)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_buffalo][b]African Buffalo[/b] (Cow)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_wildcat]African Wildcat (Cat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_wild_ass][b]Ass[/b] (Donkey)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_baboon][b]Baboon[/b] (Primate)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_nyala]Balbok (Antelope)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteropodinae]Bat (Bat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beira_(antelope)][b]Beira[/b] (Somalia)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_black_rhinoceros]Black Rhino (Rhino)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_monkey]Blue Monkey (Primate)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senegal_bushbaby]Bushbaby (Primate)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_bushbuck]Bushbuck (Antelope)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dromedary][b]Camel[/b] (Camel)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caracal]Caracal (Cat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheetah][b]Cheetah[/b] (Cat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_civet]Civet (Nocturnal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crested_porcupine]Crested Porcupine (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnther%27s_dik-dik]Dik-Dik (Antelope)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_duiker]Duiker (Deer)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_bush_elephant][b]Elephant[/b] (duh)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant_shrew]Elephant Shrew (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big-headed_African_mole-rat]Ethiopian Mole Rat (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelada][b]Bleeding Heart Baboon[/b] (Primate)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazelle]Gazelle (Gazelle)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_genet]Genet (Nocturnal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerbil]Gerbil (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe]Giraffe (Giraffe)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grivet]Grivet (Monkey)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerus_erythropus]Ground Squirrel (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantled_guereza]Guereza (Monkey)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_hare]Hare (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartebeest][b]Hartebeest[/b] (Cow)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-toed_hedgehog]Hedgehog (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippopotamus][b]Hippo[/b] (Hippo)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_badger][b]Honey Badger[/b] (Poultry Thief)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_hyena][b]Hyena[/b] (Obvious)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_hyrax]Hyrax (Marmont)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nubian_ibex]Ibex (Goat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-striped_jackal][b]Jackal[/b] (Jackal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klipspringer]Klipspringer (Antelope)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_kudu]Kudu (Antelope)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopard]Leopard (Cat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion]Lion (Cat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsh_mongoose]Mongoose (Mongoose)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deomyinae]Mouse (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendromus]Mouse, Climbing (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naked_mole-rat][b]Naked Mole Rat[/b] (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_crocodile]Nile Crocodile (Nile Crocodile)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_pangolin][b]Pangolin[/b] (Scaly Anteater)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puff_adder]Puff Adder (Snake)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_rock_python]Python (Snake)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_African_oryx]Oryx (Antelope)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted-necked_otter]Otter (Otter)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvicanthis]Rat (Rodent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serval]Serval (Cat)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vervet_monkey]Vervet (Monkey)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bale_Mountains_vervet][b]Vervet, Bale Mountain[/b] (Monkey)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patas_monkey]Wadi Monkey (Primate)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warthog][b]Warthog[/b] (Hog)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterbuck]Waterbuck (Antelope)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_wild_dog]Wild Dog (Dog)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant%27s_zebra]Zebra (Zebra)[/url] [/hider] [hider=FLORA] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otostegia_integrifolia]Abyssinian Rose (Flowering Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena_abyssinica]Ajja (Mountain Crop)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloe_secundiflora][b]Aloe[/b] (Succulent)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinochloa_pyramidalis]Antelope Grass (Grass)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamarix_aphylla]Athel Tamarisk (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adansonia_digitata][b]Baobab[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breonadia]Breonadia (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassica_nigra]Black Mustard (Plant/Spice)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bothriochloa_bladhii]Bluestem (Grass)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarium_schweinfurthii]Bush Candle (Jungle Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combretum_hereroense]Bushwillow (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moringa_stenopetala]Cabbage Tree (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typha_domingensis]Cattail (Reed)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylocarpus_granatum]Cedar Mangrove (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia_candelabrum][b]Candelabra Tree[/b] (Tree/Medicinal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassia_abbreviata]Cassia (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffea_arabica]Coffee (Obvious)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dactyloctenium_aegyptium]Crowfoot Grass (Grass)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalartos_equatorialis][b]Cycad[/b] (Jungle Plant)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guizotia_jacksonii]Daisy (Flower Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenium_obesum][b]Desert Rose[/b] (Flower)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaya_anthotheca][b]East African Mahogany[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentas_lanceolata]Egyptian Starcluster (flower)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennisetum_purpureum][b]Elephant Grass[/b] (Tall Grass Kenya/Uganda)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytolacca_dodecandra][b]Endod[/b] (Shrub used for Soap)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensete][b]Ensete or False Banana[/b] (Crop)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aframomum_corrorima]Ethiopian Cardamom (Edible Seeds)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassica_carinata]Ethiopian Rape (Oilseed)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleusine_coracana]Finger Millet (Crop)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysophyllum_viridifolium]Fluted Milkwood (Tree Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasminum_abyssinicum]Forest Jasmine (Flower Vine/Medicinal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boswellia_papyrifera][b]Frankincense[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobera_glabra]Garas (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senegalia_laeta]Gay Acacia (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrosenecio][b]Giant Groundsel[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus_murielae]Gladiolus (Flower)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psydrax_livida]Queen Twigs Quar (Shrub Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaevola_plumieri]Gullfeed (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senegalia_senegal]Gum Arabic (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halothamnus_beckettii]Halothamnus (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boscia_senegalensis]Hanza (Capers)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumis_dipsaceus]Hedgehog Cucumber (Climbing Herb w/ Fruit)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_incanum]Hedge of Thorns or Thorn Apple (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinochloa_stagnina]Hippo Grass (Grass)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernonia_galamensis]Ironweed (Oilseed)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniperus_procera]Juniper (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_abyssinica]Kega (Shrub/Tree/Flowering/Thorny)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khat][b]Khat[/b] (Shrub/Tree/Drug)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficus_sansibarica][b]Knobbly Fig[/b] (Tree Uganda/Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lippia_abyssinica]Koseret (Flowering Shrub/Spices[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagenia][b]Kosso[/b] (Tree/Medicinal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyphaene_coriacea][b]Lala Palm[/b] (Fan Palm Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utricularia_livida]Leaden Bladderwort (Carnivorous Flower)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaya_senegalensis][b]Mahogany[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dracaena_fragrans]Massangeana (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vangueria_infausta]Medlar (Shrub Uganda/Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commiphora_myrrha][b]Myrrh[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficus_natalensis]Natal Fig (Tree Uganda/Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guizotia_abyssinica][b]Nug[/b] (Oilseed)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive]Olive (Tree/Fruit)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerangis_luteoalba]Orchid (Flower)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scadoxus_puniceus]Paintbrush Lily (Flower)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyperus_papyrus][b]Papyrus[/b] (Reed)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanotis_somaliensis]Pussy Ears (Succulent Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lophira_alata]Red Ironwood (Tree Jungle)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phragmites_australis]Reeds (Obvious)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oryza_barthii]Rice (Obvious)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crinum_macowanii]Sabbaaqqoo (Flower/Medicinal)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddleja_salviifolia]Sagewood (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carex_monostachya]Sedge (Tall Grass)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vachellia_seyal][b]Shittah[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibiscus_schizopetalus]Spider Hibiscus (Flower Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficus_vasta]Sycamore-Fig (Tree/Fruit)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vangueria_madagascariensis]Tamarind-of-the-Indies (Tree/Fruit)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegmariurus_phlegmaria][b]Tassel Fern[/b] (Jungle)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milicia_excelsa][b]Teak[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teff][b]Teff[/b] (Crop)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladostemon]Three Finger Bush (Small Tree Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impatiens_sodenii]Touch Me Not (Flower Kenya)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erica_arborea]Tree Heather (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spathodea]Tulip Tree (Flowering Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyperus_alternifolius][b]Umbrella Sedge[/b] (Shrub)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vachellia_tortilis][b]Umbrella Thorn Acacia[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musanga_cecropioides][b]Umbrella Tree[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplotaxis_muralis]Wall Rocket (Flower)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordeauxia][b]Yeheb Bush[/b] (Shrub, Vital)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boswellia_frereana][b]Yegar[/b] (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrocarpus_gracilior]Yellowwood (Tree)[/url] [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guettarda_speciosa]Zebra Wood (Shrub Kenya)[/url] [/hider] [hider=FOOD AND DRINK] -[i]Ataklt[/i]: Vegetable. -[i]Ataklt Wat[/i]: Vegetable stew. -[i]Atmet[/i]: Barley, oat, water, sugar, and butter. Kind of a thick, smooth, and sweet comfort drink most often given to nursing mothers. -[i]Areki[/i]: A colorless distilled alcohol, strongest traditional alcohol in Ethiopia. Popular with poor drunks. -[i]Ayibe[/i]: A cottage cheese served similiar to crumbled feta. Sometimes put on food, sometimes spiced. -[i]Azifa[/i]: Green lentil salad. -[i]Berbere[/i]: Spice mixture. Chili pepers, garlic, ginger, basil, korarima, rue, ajwain, radhuni, nigella, and fenugreek. -[i]Bokolo[/i]: Roasted corn. -[i]Borde[/i]: A low-alcoholc fermented beverage made with maize, barley, wheat, and their malts. Often a meal replacement. -[i]Borosaame[/i]: Enset and butter, sometimes with mustard greens. Eaten using enset leaves to grab. -[i]Buna[/i]: Coffee. -[i]Buticha[/i]: Chickpea dips mixed with lemon juice. Pretty much just hummus. -[i]Chechebsa[/i]: See Fitfit. -[i]Kolo[/i]: Beans. Barley or other grains. Oftentimes roasted. Word also means coffee beans. -[i]Dabo Kolo[/i]: Snack. Baked bread similiar to pretzels. -[i]Dinich[/i]: Potato. -[i]Dinich Wat[/i]: Potato stew. -[i]Doro[/i]: Chicken. -[i]Doro Tibs[/i]: Diced chicken sauteed in butter and vegetables. -[i]Doro Wat[/i]: A chicken curry, often served with hard boiled eggs in it. Meant to be eaten with injera (bread). -[i]Enset[/i]: False banana. A popular crop in Ethiopia. -[i]Fasolia[/i]: String beans sauteed with carrots and onions. -[i]Fitfit[/i]: Spiced shredded bread. Typically served for breakfast. -[i]Ful Medames[/i]: Stewed fava beans with seasoning, vegetables, and spices. East African staple food. -[i]Genfo[/i]: Thick porridge. A whole often made in the middle for a sauce, often berbere and butter. -[i]Gesho[/i]: Leaf used as a fermenting agent. From buckthorn tree. -[i]Gomen[/i]: Collard greens. -[i]Gomen ba Siga[/i]: Collard greens or cabbage with meet. -[i]Gomen Kitfo[/i]: A vegetarian version of kitfo made with collard greens. -[i]Gored Gored[/i]: Raw beef cubed and spiced. -[i]Himbasha[/i]: Sweet flat bread. Popular in Tigray and Tigrinya areas. -[i]Inguday[/i]: Mushrooms. -[i]Inguday Wat[/i]: Mushroom stew. -[i]Injera[/i]: A spongy sourdough flat-bread most often made from teff flour. A staple in Ethiopian cuisine. -[i]Karamela[/i]: Candy. -[i]Keribo[/i]: Made from barley and sugar. Essentially a non-alcoholic beer. -[i]Kibbeh[/i]: Butter or clarified butter. -[i]Kik Alicha[/i]: Split pea stew cooked in ligh turmeric sauce. -[i]Kinche[/i]: Oatmeal-like. Made from cracked wheat, oats, or/and barley. Boiled in milk or water, flavored with Niter Kibbeh. -[i]Kitcha[/i]: The unleavened version of injera. More like a pancake. -[i]Kitfo[/i]: Minced beef spiced and served raw. Served on special occasions. -[i]Kocho[/i]: Flat bread made from the root of the Ensete, or false banana. -[i]Korarima[/i]: Ethiopian cardamom. -[i]Maize[/i]: Corn. Eaten in much the same ways as in the west. -[i]Mesir Wat[/i]: Split red lentils in spicy berbere. -[i]Mesob[/i]: Flat-topped basket which is used as a table for injera and injera-based meals. -[i]Minchet Abish[/i]: Ground beef with potatoes simmered with vegetables and sauce. Chili. -[i]Mitmita[/i]: Seasonin. Chili peper, korarima, cloves, salt. Sometimes also cinnamon, cumin, and ginger. -[i]Niter Kibbeh[/i]: Clarified butter with spices. -[i]Nug[/i]: Niger flower, safflower. Used for its oil. Also used to feed animals. -[i]Qmemama[/i]: Spicy. -[i]Sambusa[/i]: Fried pastry filled with meat or lentils. It's a Samosa -[i]Shimbera Wat[/i]: Chickpeas and green peas stew. -[i]Shiro[/i]: Stew made from powdered chickpeas or broad bean meal. Mixed with spices and served on injera. -[i]Siga[/i]: Red Meat. Beef. -[i]Siga Tibs[/i]: Strips of beef sauteed in butter with vegetables. -[i]Talla[/i]: Home-brewed beer. -[i]Teff[/i]: A type of grain that grows in the Ethiopian highlands. -[i]Tej[/i]: Mead. -[i]Tella Bet[/i]: Beer House. -[i]Tibs[/i]: Chunks of meat sauteed and served. Often with vegetables. -[i]Tihlo[/i]: Barley dough balls covered with meat and seasoningt. Eaten as a snack amongst the Tigray. -[i]Wat[/i]: A spiced stew of curry. Usually eaten by soaking it up with Injera. -[i]Wayn Tej[/i]: Wine. -[i]Wuha[/i]: Water. -[i]Wutet[/i]: Milk. -[i]Yebeg[/i]: Lamb -[i]Yebeg Tibs[/i]: Cubes of lamb sauteed in butter with vegetables. -[i]Yekik Wat[/i]: Seasons yellow split peas with ginger, turmeric and garlic. -[i]Zayt[/i]: Oil. [/hider] [b]Ethiopian Calendar (major holidays in bold).[/b] -January 7th: Genna (Christmas) -[b]January 19th: Timkat (Epiphany)[/b] -February 2nd: Yaqob's Birthday -March 2nd: Adwa Day -Spring: Siklet (Good Friday) and Fasika (Easter). -July 4th: Sahle's birthday. -September 11th : Enkutatash: New Year's Day (12th on leap years, including 1956). Also Taytu's Birthday. [b]-September 27th: Meskel: Finding of the True Cross (biggest holiday)[/b] [b]Precipice Specific Terms or Phrases (AKA shit I made up).[/b] -[i]Shotel[/i]: Name for national intelligence of Imperial Ethiopia. Words means Sword. -[i]Doofarka[/i]: Means "Pig" in Somali. Dune buggies used by Somalians. -[i]Furusiyya[/i]: Technically a real thing, the Arabic equivalent of Chivalry, but in PoW being used in the context of Somalian martial arts and military philosophy. [b]Ethiopian Royal Titles (ordered by importance)[/b] -[i]Negusa Negast[/i]: "King of Kings." Title conferred to an Ethiopian Emperor. Sahle is Negusa Negast. -[i]Nigiste Negestatt [/i]: "Queen of Kings." Female reigning Empress. Zewditu crowned as this during her failed rebellion. -[i]Negus[/i]: King. -[i]Itege[/i]: Queen-Consort or Empress-Consort. Wife of the Negusa Negast or Negus. -[i]Leul[/i]: Prince. -[i]Le'elt[/i]: Princess. -[i]Emebet Hoy[/i]: "Great Royal Lady". Wife of royal princes. -[i]Lij[/i]: "Child". Used as a term for noble boys. -[i]Emebet[/i]: "Royal Lady". Female member of the royal line. [b]Ethiopian Feudal/Military Titles (ordered by importance)[/b] -[i]Makwanent[/i]: Not a title. The Ethiopian word for the aristocracy as a whole. -[i]Mesafint[/i]: Not a title. The upper echelon of the nobility, typically with royal ancestory. -[i]Bitwoded:[/i] Court title meaning "Favorite". Used as qualifier for official title like Ras, implying Royal favor. -[i]Ras[/i]: "Head." A position similar to duke. Many Rases throughout history held power almost equal to that of a Negus. -[i]Meridazmach[/i]: "Chief of Staff". A rare title similar to Ras. Originally used to denote the ruler of Shewa. -[i]Dejazmach:[/i] "Commander of the Gate". Comparable to count or earl. -[i]Fitawrari[/i]: "Commander of the Vanguard". Comparable to Baron. -[i]Kegnazmach[/i]: "Leader of the Right." Minor nobility -[i]Grazmach[/i]: "Leader of the Left". Minor Nobility -[i]Azmach[/i]: "Leader of the Rearguard". Minor nobility usually given to trusted advisors or ministers. -[i]Balambaras[/i]: "Commander of the Fortress." Semi-noble title given to people entrusted with important supporting commands. -[i]Shaleqa[/i]: Military rank comparable to >ajor. Commander of 1000 men. -[i]Meteolaqah[/i]: Military rank comparable Lieutenant. Commander of 100 men. -[i]Asiralaqah[/i]: Military rank comparable Corporal. Commander of 10 men. [b]Ethiopian Religious Titles (ordered by importance)[/b] -[i]Abun/Abune[/i]: Metropolitan of the Ethiopian Church. A title also given to bishops. -[i]Etchege[/i]: Administrative head of the church. Second under the Abun, sort of like Minister of Pen to the Abun. -[i]Nebura ed[/i]: Civil governor of Axum, appointed from the clergy. -[i]Aleqa[/i]: Chief or head. The title given to the dean of a church. -[i]Gabez[/i]: Custodian of a church, charged with caring for the treasures of the church. -[i]Kahen[/i]: Priest -[i]Abba Mahbar[/i]: Head of a monastic community. -[i]Arde'et[/i]: Disciple. Monk. -[i]Debtera[/i]: A non-ordained traveling religious person within the Ethiopian church. Responsible for impromptu acts of worship, the making of herbal remedies, the exorcising of evil spirits, and spell-binding. -[i]Kiddus[/i]: Saint or holy man. -[i]Abba[/i]: Father. Used the same as in the west. [b]Ethiopian Court Titles and Civil Offices (ordered by importance of place)[/b] -[i]Enderase[/i]: Regent or co-ruler. -[i]Tsehafi Taezaz[/i]: "Minister of the Pen". Most powerful post in the court, signs official documents. Similar to Privy Seal. -[i]Afe Negus[/i]: "Mouth of the King". Announces royal decrees. Sort of a Press Secretary. -[i]Meridazmach[/i]: "Chief of Staff". Secretary of War. -[i]Bejirond[/i]: "Treasurer". Secretary of Finance. -[i]Liquamaquas[/i]: Body double for the Negus, used in battle to confuse enemies. -[i]Aqabe Se'at[/i]: "Keeper of time". Official, often a clergyman, responsible for the Emperor's schedule. -[i]Blattengeta[/i]: "Lord of the pages". Administrator of the palace itself. Also given to head advisors. -[i]Blatta[/i]: "Page". Palace servant. -[i]Mesfin[/i]: Governor of a province. --[i]Tigray Mekonnen[/i]: Governor of Tigray. -[i]Shum[/i]: Governor of a sub-province. --[i]Wagshum[/i]: Governor of Wag --[i]Jantirar[/i]: Ancient hereditary rulers of the fortress at Ambassel in the Wollo Province. -[i]Mislene[/i]: Sub-Governor. -[i]Kentiba[/i]: Mayor. -[i]Nagadras[/i]: Senior bureaucrat in charge of markets, customs duties, and tax collection. -[i]Ballabat[/i]: Official in charge of local government offices. Essentially a bureaucratic manager. -[i]Korro[/i]: Bureaucrat. [b]Legal Terms[/b] [u]Land Tenure[/u] -[i]Gult[/i]: An ownership right acquired from the monarch or from provincial rulers who are empowered to make land grants. Gult owners collect tribute from the peasantry and exact labor service as payment in kind from the peasants. Until the government instituted salaries, gult rights were the typical form of compensation for an official. -[i]Maderia[/i]: Land granted mainly to government officials, war veterans, and other patriots in lieu of a pension or salary. Although it is land granted for life, the state possesses a reversionary right over all land grants; this form of tenure comprised about 12% of the country's agricultural land. -[i]Mengist[/i]: Land registered as government property. -[i]Rist[/i]: Hereditary, inalienable, and inviolable form of land tenure. No user of any piece of land can sell his or her share outside the family or mortgage or bequeath his or her share as a gift, as the land belongs not to the individual but to the descent group. Most peasants in the northern highlands hold at least some rist land. -[i]Samon[/i]: Land the government granted to the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in perpetuity. Traditionally, the church had claimed about one-third of Ethiopia's land; however, actual ownership probably never reached this figure. Estimates of church holdings range from 10 - 20% of the country's cultivated land. Peasants who work on church land pay tribute to the church (or monastery) rather than to the Emperor. [u]Division of land (by Importance)[/u] -[i]Taklai Ghizat[/i]: Province. Governed by a Mesfin. -[i]Awraja[/i]: Subprovince. (The smallest part of the Provinces and Districts map in the resources at the top of this post). Governed by a Shum. -[i]Woreda[/i]: Administrative level below the sub-province. Typically a town and its surrounding area. Governed by Kentiba. -[i]Gasha[/i]: Feudal division of land, approx 40 to 80 acres. [b]Racial and Ethnic groups (ordered by prominence)[/b] [url=https://i.imgur.com/Rg5vzQB.jpg]Racial Map[/url] -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyssinian_people][i]Habesha[/i][/url]: The collective name for the peoples of the Ethiopian highlands. This is the origin of the old term 'Abyssinia'. --[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amhara_people][i]Amhara[/i][/url]: An Habesha people, and the dominate racial group politically. The language, Amharic, is named after them. Primarily Christian. --[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigrayans][i]Tigrayans/Tigrinyas[/i][/url]: A Habesha people from the north of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Speak Tigrinya. --[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaw_people][i]Agaw[/i][/url]: Highland people, primarily Christian. Small in numbers now but was significant in the Aksumite period. Were the people that founded the Medieval Zagwe dynasty. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromo_people][i]Oromo/Galla[/i][/url]: One of the most numerous races in Ethiopia, roughly one third of Ethiopians. Mostly Muslim, but large contingent of Christians too. Descended from warrior tribes that came from the south in the late middle ages. Prominent in the 19th century, particularly during the [i]Zemene Mesafint[/i], when their cavalry was especially renowned. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalis][i]Somali[/i][/url]: Dominant in Somalia/Adal, and common in the east of Ethiopia, especially the Ogaden. Mostly Sunni Muslim, some Sufi Muslim. Speak Somali. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigre_people][i]Tigre[/i][/url]: Muslim pastoralists living in the northwest of Eritrea. Related to the Sudanese Beja people. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_Israel][i]Falasha[/i][/url]: Jewish people, also sometimes called Beta Israel. Primarily live in their own communities in the northern highlands. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurage_people][i]Gurage[/i][/url]: Primarily Christian Afro-Asiatic people south of the Awash river. Speak Gurage. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silt%27e_people][i]Silt'e[/i][/url]: Muslim Afro-Asiatic population south of Addis Ababa. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidama_people][i]Sidama[/i][/url]: The people of the Sidamo region. Largely protestant for some reason. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welayta_people][i]Welayta[/i][/url]: The culturally and racially distinct people of the Weylata region. Have a thing for red, black, and orange stripes for some reason. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afar_people][i]Afar[/i][/url]: Primarily Muslim pastoralists living in the Danakil region. Have a thing for putting butter in their hair and cutting off the dicks of their enemy with a special dick slicing knife called a [i]gile[/i]. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanqella][i]Shanqella[/i][/url]: Catch-all term for the dark-skinned tribes living in the west along the frontier with Sudan. -[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saho_people][i]Saho[/i][/url]: A primarily Muslim people living in Eritrea. Related to the Afar. [hider=Ethiopian terms and words (ordered alphabetically)] -[i]Ababa[/i]: Flower. -[i]Abba[/i]: Father. -[i]Abbay[/i]: Blue Nile. -[i]Adarash[/i]: Meeting hall. -[i]Addis[/i]: New. -[i]Aggot[/i]: Uncle. -[i]Akist[/i]: Aunt. -[i]Alad[/i]: Fifty cents. -[i]Aletcha[/i]: Mild. -[i]Alga[/i]: Bed, wooden framed and sprung with a lattice of leather straps. Also can mean 'throne'. -[i]Amat[/i]: Parent in law. -[i]Amba[/i]: A flat-topped mountain, typically surrounded by cliffs so it is hard to reach. Traditionally the site of fortifications or monasteries. -[i]Amole[/i]: Salt bar. -[i]Arbanya[/i]: Partisan/Patriot. -[i]Arde'et[/i]: Disciple. Also the name of a holy book filled with the magic of the disciples. -[i]Asiralaqah[/i]: Corporal. Commander of 10 men. -[i]Astemari[/i]: Teacher. -[i]Ataklt[/i]: Vegetable. -[i]Ato[/i]: Sir, or Mr. -[i]Awro plan[/i]: Airplane. -[i]Ayat[/i]: Grandparent. -[i]Ayn[/i]: Eye. -[i]Ayn Heleena[/i]: Eye of the imagination. -[i]Azmari[/i]: A bard. Uses a single-stringed fiddle called a [i]Masenqo[/i]. -[i]Babur[/i]: Train -[i]Bahl[/i]: Husband. -[i]Bahr[/i]: Sea or Lake. -[i]Belg[/i]: The short rainy season in March and April. -[i]Bet[/i]: House. -[i]Beteu Meuzeukir[/i]: Museum. -[i]Birr[/i]: Silver. Basic unit of currency (like 'dollar' or 'euro'). -[i]bisi[/i]: "Man of." Example: "Eon bisi Anaaph" means "Eon of Anaaph". -[i]Buda[/i]: A person who possesses the ability of the evil eye. Buda are believed to be able to turn into a Werehyena, allowing them to attack without revealing their true identity. Believed to be common among metalworkers and jews. -[i]Buna[/i]: Coffee. -[i]Buna Bet[/i]: Coffee shop or bar. Literally means "Coffee House". -[i]Degn[/i]: Phosphorus. -[i]Demit[/i]: Cat. -[i]Doomfata[/i]: The recital of heroic deeds. -[i]Doro[/i]: Chicken. -[i]Doro Wat[/i]: A chicken curry, often served with hard boiled eggs in it. Meant to be eaten with injera (bread). -[i]Enat[/i]: Mother. -[i]Enset[/i]: False banana. A popular crop in Ethioia. -[i]Eqabet[/i]: "Thing House." A treasury. -[i]Euh-hett[/i]: Sister. -[i]Fagegta[/i]: Smile. -[i]Falasha[/i]: Jew. -[i]Ferengi[/i]: Foreigner. A loan-word from the Arabic for "[i]Frank[/i]" -[i]Fit[/i]: Face, ahead, earlier. -[i]Fitfit[/i]: Spiced shredded bread. Typically served for breakfast. -[i]Fitlefit[/i]: In front of -[i]Gabbar[/i]: Farmers. -[i]Gabi[/i]: A four-layered chiffon cloth worn around the shoulders similar to a toga. Similar to the Shamma. -[i]Gadla[/i]: Chronicle. -[i]Gebi[/i]: "Compound". Used to describe palaces of important people. -[i]Genet[/i]: Paradise. -[i]Gesho[/i]: Leaf used as a fermenting agent. -[i]Gimal[/i]: Camel. -[i]Giraf[/i]: Whip made from hippo hide. -[i]Godjo[/i]: A Tigrayan hut. Round, often built with stone, and with a thatched roof held up by a pole in the middle. -[i]Gra[/i]: Left. -[i]Gugs or Feres Gugs[/i]: An Ethiopian equine sport. Similar to jousting, but with multiple teams going at once in formation. -[i]Habesha Kemis[/i]: Woman's dress. -[i]Hakim[/i]: Doctor. -[i]Hakim-Bet[/i]: "Doctor House". Hospital. -[i]Hizb[/i]: People. -[i]Injera[/i]: A spongy sourdough flat-bread most often made from teff flour. A staple in Ethiopian cuisine. -[i]Inna[/i]: And. -[i]Karamela[/i]: Candy. -[i]Kebbero[/i]: Large church drum. -[i]Kebre Negest[/i]: "The Glory of Kings." A royal charter tracing the origins of the Ethiopian Royal line in biblical history. -[i]Kenpher[/i]: Lips. -[i]Ketema[/i]: Fortified camp or town. -[i]Khat/Chat[/i]: A type of amphetamine-like stimulant that is popular in the horn of Africa. Usually chewed. -[i]Kiddus[/i]: Saint or holy man. -[i]Kideta[/i]: Kind of Sacrifice. -[i]Kirb[/i]: Near. -[i]Kitab[/i]: An amulet that consists of a little pouch, inside of which is a rolled up piece of parchment with a magic spell written on it. Worn around the neck to defend against evil spirits. -[i]Kitet[/i]: Mustering of troops. Traditonally feudal lords used loud war drums to announce to countryside call to arms, and was announced by leader with servant holding his lance and armor to affirm his rank. -[i]Kitfo[/i]: Minced beef spiced and served raw. Served on special occasions. -[i]Kocho[/i]: Flat bread made from the root of the Ensete, or false banana. -[i]Komadino[/i]: Bedside Table. -[i]Konjo[/i]: Beautiful. -[i]Koso[/i]: A herbal purgative used in poor, rural parts of Ethiopia to purge intestinal worms. -[i]Kuta[/i]: A two-layered chiffon cloth worn over the shoulders. Similar to a Shama. Worn by men. -[i]Leba[/i]: Thief. -[i]Liebasha[/i]: A method of identifying a thief in which a boy under the age of 15 is fed a potion and followed until he enters the thief's house in a trance and lays down in their bed. Popular around Addis Ababa. -[i]Lisan[/i]: Language. -[i]Maedenoch[/i]: Minerals. -[i]Mashafa Taklik[/i]: Holy book containing the ancient ritual for weddings. Present in every church. -[i]Meest[/i]: Wife. -[i]Mehal Sefari[/i]: Royal Guard. Literally "Middle/Between Army". -[i]Meqabyan[/i]: The Maccabees. The Hasmonean dynasty of Judea in 2nd and 1s centuries BCE. Came to power through rebellion against the Seleucids. -[i]Mekdes[/i]: Sanctuary of a church in which the tabot resides. -[i]Mekina[/i]: Car. -[i]Merikani[/i]: White cotton cloth. -[i]Merkeb[/i]: Ship. -[i]Mesob[/i]: Flat-topped basket which is used as a table for injera and injera-based meals. -[i]Meteolaqah[/i]: Lieutenant. Commander of 100 men. -[i]Metfo[/i]: Bad. -[i]Mishaf[/i]: Book. -[i]Meshafoc[/i]: Books. -[i]Muziqa[/i]: Music. -[i]Neftanya[/i]: Rifleman, settler. Historically based in soldiers given land to settle in conquered regions. -[i]Negarit[/i]: War drum. -[i]Netela[/i]: Two-layered chiffon cloth worn by women. Similar to Kuta. Covers head and shoulders. -[i]Nug[/i]: Niger flower, safflower. -[i]Orit[/i]: Old Testament. -[i]P'ent'ay[/i]: Ethiopian protestant, from Pentecostal and Mennonite missions in the early 20th century. -[i]Qmemama[/i]: Spicy. -[i]Quanqua[/i]: Language. -[i]Ruk[/i]: Far. -[i]Sa'at[/i]: Hour. -[i]Samena Worq[/i]: Wax and gold. Refers popular literary method similar to double entendre, where wax refers to the words and gold refers to the alternative meaning. -[i]Shamma[/i]: A large cotton shawl that is common in Ethiopia. -[i]Shalaqah[/i]: Major. Commander of 1000 men. -[i]Shanqella[/i]: Racial term referring to the Nilo-Saharan people of western Ethiopia. Historically were commonly used as slaves. The term reflects the racial theories of the dominate Afro-Asiatic Habesha. -[i]Shanta[/i]: Bag. -[i]Shengo[/i]: Assembly, Parliament. -[i]Shifta[/i]: "Bandit." Used as a catch all term for any outlaw, rebel, or vigilante. Think gunslinger in the old west. -[i]Shotel[/i]: A curved sword similar to a scimitar. Unlike a scimitar, it is most often sharpened on the inside of the curve. -[i]Shufer[/i]: Driver. -[i]Shumshir[/i]: Shifting of official titles. Literally "Governor Shuffle". -[i]Siga[/i]: Red Meat. -[i]Tabib[/i]: A craftsman, or a witch. The term mixes the Ethiopian stereotypes for Jews. Tabib are said to possess the ability of the evil eye, and are often seen as [i]Buda[/i]. -[i]Tabiya[/i]: Station. -[i]Tabot[/i]: A representation of the Ark of the Covenant. A church is not considered a church if it does not have a tabot. -[i]Talla[/i]: Home-brewed beer. -[i]Tankwa[/i]: Papyrus boat. -[i]Tarik[/i]: History. -[i]Tazkar[/i]: Memorial service for the dead held at specific interval. Involved inviting priests over and serving them alcohol. -[i]Teff[/i]: A type of grain that grows in the Ethiopian highlands. -[i]Tej[/i]: Mead. -[i]Tella Bet[/i]: Beer House. -[i]Temari[/i]: Student. -[i]Temart-Bet[/i]: "Student House". School. -[i]T'ena[/i]: Health. -[i]Tillik[/i]: Big. -[i]Timtim[/i]: White turban worn by priests. -[i]Timqat[/i]: Baptism. -[i]Tinnish[/i]: Little. -[i]Tor[/i]: Spear. Also can mean war. -[i]Tsadkan[/i]: "Righteous ones". -[i]Wat[/i]: A spiced stew of curry. Usually eaten by soaking it up with Injera. -[i]Wayn Tej[/i]: Wine. -[i]Wehn-Dem[/i]: Brother. -[i]Woizero:[/i] Mrs. -[i]Woizerit:[/i] Ms. -[i]Worq[/i]: Gold. -[i]Wuha[/i]: Water. -[i]Wusha[/i]: Dog. -[i]Wutet[/i]: Milk. -[i]Zayt[/i]: Oil. -[i]Zefen[/i]: Song. -[i]Zemecha[/i]: Campaign. -[i]Zemene[/i]: Era. -[i]Zemene Mesafint[/i]: "Era of Judges" or "Era of Princes". Period of time in the 18th and 19th century when the Emperors were weak, leading to internal strife. Comparable to Japanese [i]Senguko Jidai[/i] [/hider] [b]Ethiopian Phrases[/b] -[i]Abet[/i]: A greeting call, used to attract attention, or to acknowledge such a call. -[i]Ato[/i]: Mister. -[i]Ayzore![/i]: Be strong! Call of encouragement that can be used in battle, travel, or work. -[i]Isshi[/i]: Okay. -[i]Jan Hoi[/i]: Your Majesty. [b]Afar Terms and Phrases[/b] -[i]Gile[/i]: Knife worn by Afar men. Used primarily to slaughter livestock. [u][b]POST CATALOGUE[/b][/u] -1:[url=https://www.roleplayerguild.com/posts/5197278]TAYTU/LEYLA/ELIAS INTRO. FIVE VICTORIES POEM. Meeting in Cairo turns sour.[/url]