[b][u]The ISL[/u][/b]

The ISL, or Islamic States League is a loose coalition of organizations, groups, and former governments that banded together in the middle east, particularly in the Persian Gulf region. 
After the Heavenfall - and indeed, immediately before it - many of these nations were predominantly Islamic in faith, but maintained forms of government other than Theocratic or religious-lead. When the Heavenfall occurred and the disasters that came with it. 
The ISL currently occupies Iraq, Syria, Kuwait, and parts of Iran. They have attempted to expand into neighbouring nations, but with little success. 
The main issues that have held the ISL back from further expansion are internal conflicts, factionalism, and disagreement. The leadership of the ISL have claimed a Caliphate, but this is not recognised universally, and this has been one source of continued disagreement. 

Other issues that consistently dog the ISL in its' aims of establishing an Islamic state regarding these internal disagreements are its' levels of education, material and resource wealth and production - especially in high-tech industries - and its' lack of willing to deal with organizations, corporations, or nations that it sees as 'infidels' and 'heretics' - many of whom are the same that produce these competitive and sought-after devices, equipment and components, as well as those needed to continue to operate the equipment they use. 
Friction between more moderate and extremist factions within the ISL prevent them from taking too much of a larger step and being a greater threat on the global stage, and even maintaining consistent and comprehensive control of their internal territory. 
The only reason that they have not been attacked or moved against is this lack of global threat, as well as the regional threat to friendly powers from their possession of intermediate-range ballistic missiles and other weapons of mass destruction such as chemical, biological and radiological weapons. They have actively been pursuing nuclear weapon systems and capabilities, with particular interest in acquiring former Soviet nuclear weapons, but have - luckily - had no success to date.